CO 194/16 [Reel B-212]

Page

Date

From whom
(where)

To whom (where)

Contents or nature of the document

1-6v

1 Sept 1764

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

Board of Trade

End of season report on proceedings and state of affairs in Newfoundland. Palliser declared British rule effective throughout his jurisdiction, including those areas occupied by French fishermen. He lists a number of grievances over French activities (see below), although affairs between the two countries were as good as possible. He notes the presence of other foreigners in NF waters. Is studying ongoing illicit trade in hopes of later finding ways to prevent it. Very optimistic. Also details introduction of commerce with Indians and Eskimos in Labrador. Identifies garrisons in need of additional provisions as well as discontent in those garrisons. Feels some areas need to be strengthened in case of attack. Frequent reference to supporting documents detailing his actions and correspondence while enforcing British rule.

1v - 2

[enclosed with above] (1) French war ship, Unicorn, interfered with settlement of disputes between French and British in communities on the Northern Peninsula (Treaty Shore).

2

[enclosed with above] (2) French warships seen on banks, moving towards Newfoundland coast. A copy of British regulations (and a spy) were sent to St. Pierre.

2

[enclosed with above] (3) A British spy found that St. Pierre, Miquelon were receiving materials and engineers from France, seemingly to erect defences

2-3v

[enclosed with above] (4) French were drying fish on shores between Cape Ray and Point Riche, fishing up the rivers, staying in NF during the winter, instructing Indians to kill British seal fishermen. Discrepancies noted between observed number of French ships, locations, number of men, weaponry, etc. and information provided by France.

8v- 10

sent 1 Sept 1764; date written not indicated

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

Board of Trade

All officers in Palliser's jurisdiction must acknowledge and obey the Treaty of Utrecht (1763). Several points of this treaty are detailed in point form (see below).

9

[enclosed with above] (1) No English officers are allowed to obstruct or interrupt French fishermen who are found within their boundaries as outlined by the Treaty.

9 - 9v

[enclosed with above] (2) In situations where French have been caught violating the treaty they are to be treated fairly and impartially. Likewise, if disputes arise between French and British subjects, let the subjects of both nations be treated equally.

9v

[enclosed with above] (3) British officers are not allowed to interfere with or impose authority over the settlement of disputes as they are settled by British Law.

9v

[enclosed with above] (4) While the French are fishing within their set boundaries they are under no circumstances to be disturbed or molested by British officers

10

[enclosed with above] (5) British subjects are not to harm any French property when left on shore within the French boundaries. This is a response to previous acts of mischief by British subjects.

10

[enclosed with above] (6) These conditions are to be distributed and made known to all British and French subjects of NF.

11 - 11v

23 June 1764

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

Captains of British ships

response to report of disturbance by the captain of the French warship Unicorn. Direction to British officers on how they must react, always in accordance to the Treaty of Utrecht, should this ship approach them.

12 - 13v

29 June 1764

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

[probably to French governor]

Concerns French military presence on St. Pierre-Miquelon; requests fair treatment of British subjects in accordance with British Rule.

14 - 15

7 July 1764

M. d'Angeac (St. Pierre)

Hugh Palliser

[In French], a response to a letter sent him by Palliser dated 1 July; concerning several issues (disruptions on the Northern Peninsula during the previous fishing season. Also discusses size of French military forces on St. Pierre, etc.). Letter is very faint.

15v - 16

13 July 1764

(Placentia)

M. d'Angeac (St. Pierre)

a reply to the letter noted directly above regarding the military presence on St. Pierre.

17a

Hugh Palliser

Captains of British Ships

Outlines of procedures to be followed by British officers should they find French vessels out of their limits (as defined by the Treaty of Utrecht).

18 - 19v

15 July 1764

Hugh Palliser (Placentia)

Capt. Tronjoly (St. Pierre)

Concerns French military presence in St. Pierre-Miquelon. It notes the violation of the Treaty of Utrecht and warns the French of their infringement of British Rule, and notes that a copy of that Treaty is enclosed with the letter.

19v - 20

18 July 1764

Tronjoly

[in French]. A response to the letter noted directly above.

21v - 22

31 August 1764

Hugh Palliser

A chart identifying the numbers of English and French vessels employed on that part of the Treaty Shore from Quirpon to Fleur de Lys. It also lists number of men and boats in each harbour.

23 - 23v

1 July 1764

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

an order requiring that Eskimos be treated in a friendly manner. Includes some discussion of the nature of the ill treatment they have received at the hands of fishermen; government is anxious to promote trade with native people.

24

15 July 1764

Otho Hamilton (CO at Placentia)

Hugh Palliser (Placentia)

Hamilton is in ill health; there being no doctor in Placentia he requests permission to go to Boston or elsewhere on the Continent for treatment and recovery.

24

15 July 1764

Hugh Palliser

(This is an endorsement appended to Hamiliton's request above)

Palliser approves the request for six months and twelve if necessary on the grounds that General Gage has no objections and owing to Hamilton's great age. He's over eighty!

25

12 July 1764

Soldiers stationed at Placentia (A detachment of the 45^th regiment)

Hugh Palliser

Petition complaining that they have not received their allowance for fire and candle. They also complain about the high cost of living in Newfoundland and the fact that they are not receiving what they should be for the stoppages charged to their wages..

25v

14 July 1764

Hugh Palliser

(Response to the petition noted above)

He agrees the fuel complaint is legitimate, but he is not sympathetic to the complaint about the exchange rate or the cost of living.

26

6 June 1764

Stephen Gualy (Fort William)

Hugh Palliser

Letter representing the garrison's want of provisions because of the contractor's (Mr. Townsend) failure to supply the garrison.

27v

2 July 1764

Andrew Lemercier

account of ordnance and ordnance supplies in the garrison and at the Castle in Placentia.

28

2 July 1764

Thomas Vaughan (Placentia)

account of the detachment of the 45^th regiment. Lists number of men present and of which rank, also notes the number of deserters.

28

2 July 1764

Jonathan Dovers (Placentia)

an account of the detachment of the 2^nd Battalion of the Royal Regiment of Artillery. Lists number of men present and of which rank. Separates the men into those at Placentia and those at Castle Graves.

29 - 30v

20 June 1764

Fra[nci]s (?) Hereford, Acting Storekeeper to the Ordnance & Capt. Lieut. Joseph Cyre Royal Regt. of Artillery (St. John's)

a list of the State and Remains of Ordnance and Stores in the Garrison and Harbour of Fort William, St. John's. Lists items like weapons, ammunition, livestock, tools and carriages, etc. Also categorizes each item into three groups (serviceable, repairable and unserviceable) and the amounts of each in each category.

32v - 33

1 July 1764, 25 June 1764

Stephen Gualy

Three documents prepared by Stephen Gualy: Return of the Garrison at St. John's, Return of part of Captain Jonathan Dovers' Company of the 2^nd Battalion of the Royal Regiment of Artillery, and Return of the Ordnance Mounted on the different Forts and Batterys at St. John's likewise such as are Dismounted and Unserviceable.

34 - 37

9 October 1764

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

Board of Trade (London)

General state of affairs in Newfoundland; relations with the French concerning the Northern coast of Newfoundland; follows up on a letter previously written to the Board dated 1 September. Indicates that the few difficulties that exist result from the granting of lands to English settlers located on the French Shore as defined by the Treaty of Utrecht. Palliser outlines the difficulties he has with keeping English settlement under control. He mentions a story of the pertinent documents having been allegedly burnt in 1748 and the settlers will not report each other to the authorities. Palliser accuses many of the English settlers of being useless to the Crown and doing nothing but serving themselves. Mentions illicit trade in liquor. Mentions problems with Eskimos and a Moravian man who can speak their language and may be able to help with relations between Eskimos and European settlers. Also mentions the French fishery along with catch rates, and the apparent habit of the French to buy fish from the English fishermen to make up their own cargos. Palliser predicts that a decline of the French fishery in Newfoundland will result from this decrease in fish resources. Notes a clandestine trade being carried on with the Islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon. Gives an account of the French Commodore at St. Pierre making a trip to Cape Breton to deliver guns and ammunition to Indians there. Palliser is as yet unsure of the truth of the story, but states he warned his men about it and sent someone to St. Pierre to try to find out if it was true or not.

38 - 39

9 October 1764

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

Board of Trade (London)

Complaints and how they were remedied from the French in the North part of Newfoundland in 1764; enclosed with the letter outlined directly above.

40 - 40v

8 October 1764

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

M. Tronjoly (St. Pierre)

letter responding to one sent to Palliser by M. Tronjoly on 18 July. Palliser refers to some questionable actions of the French (for example, sailing beyond their boundaries without permission), reminds him of the various treaties signed and urges him to keep them in mind in the future.

42

M. Cerclé, Master of fishing ship le Sage of Granville.

(In French) Original paper is in bad condition around the edges. Unsure of sender, recipient and date. Appears to be a complaint, possibly relating to the letter below from Mr. Waldron about settling in the harbour of St. Julien's on the Northern Peninsula.

43

2 July 1764

William Waldron (St. Julien's)

Capt. Samuel Thompson (HMS Lark)

A short letter concerning the actions of Mr. Waldron defending his behaviour in St. Julien's Harbour. Defence based on grant by Governor Webb in 1760 to Matthew Glover of Poole (see below). Handwriting is difficult to read at times and the original paper is in bad shape.

44

28 October 1760

James Webb

A copy of a letter proclaiming the granting of certain lands to a Mr. Matthew Glover of Poole.

45- 45v

10 September 1764

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

An open proclamation forbidding the possession of lands in St. Julien's Harbour on the Northern Peninsula based on the case (outlined here) explained in the documents above. Palliser also declares Webb's earlier granting of land to be null and void on the grounds that Webb had exceeded his authority

49-49v

3 July [1764]

The Master of a French Sloop, at Engelette [Englee] (?)

(In French) Possibly concerning French fishing rights. Handwriting is difficult to read at times and the original paper is in bad shape

51- 51v

2 July 1764

Giubert La Salle, a French fishing master

(In French) M. La Salle describes his arrival in June at the "Golfe au Canaries" [Canada Bay on the Northern Peninsula] and a subsequent dispute involving some of his boats that were forcibly taken and kept by one Elliot.

53

Duf[asnyre] (?) [P]etiere (?); Jean Jean Lamase; Laurent [R]ebours (?) La Rou[rt] (?); [S.] (?) Gauffeny; and Pierre Le Bigo[j] (?) In Engelette [Englee?]

Capt. Samuel Thompson (HMS Lark)

(In French) Complain that English settlers have taken over their fishing rooms, stages, boats etc. at Engelette on the treaty coast and want them removed. They are finding it too difficult to deal with them on their own because the number of Englishmen is growing, along with the size of their fishery. The English there are occupying more space than they can use.

55 B 55v

21 June 1764

Lebournen[o] (?); Jean L'Esrel, Naval Surgeon; Francois Clement, First Lieutenant; and Isaac Bouchard, Master of Le Prudent (of Granville).

(Given the location, this is probably also addressed to Capt. Thompson, HMS Lark)

(In French) Concerns English encroachment in Conche, a French fishing station on the Northern Peninsula. Mentions specifically "Jacques Pierre" (James Peter), an Englishman working for John Noble and Andrew Pinson of Bristol, who has taken over the facilities of one of the French fishing ships there

57

27 September 1764

[I.] (?) Minet (Litttle St. Julien's)

Samuel Thompson

(In French) A letter to Thompson in Croque concerning a dispute over cutting timbers for masts, etc.

59 B 62v

7 October 1764

Hugh Palliser

A copy of a journal kept by Mr. "Hans Harven" (Jens Haven), a Moravian who worked with the Eskimo of Labrador. The journal summarizes his efforts to contact the Eskimo in Labrador in 1764. There is reference to people like James Cook, Captain Galliot, Capt. Thompson and places like York Harbour, Carpoune (Quirpon), Davis Straits, and [Camilla] (?). Harven describes the poverty of the Eskimo and appeals for help from whoever is willing to do so. Handwriting is faint at times and is difficult to read. Some edges of the original were damaged and this also reduces readability of some of the text.

64 B 65v

21 October 1764

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

Board for Trade (London)

A further account of the state of affairs of Palliser's government. Of note: he mentions the French leaving a ship, sails, rigging and stores of salt onshore to winter in Newfoundland at Old Ferrole Harbour. This was not allowed by treaty and Palliser states his intentions to have these items removed in the Spring before the French return.

67 B 68

7 November 1764

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

Board for Trade (London)

A further account of the state of affairs of Palliser's government. This account concerns his proceedings respecting the fisheries, his appointment of three naval officers at Placentia with additional powers and of his intentions to sail for Cad[iz] (?).

69 B 69v

Hugh Palliser

The Respective Naval Officers at St. John's, Ferryland and Placentia.

(Enclosed with above) Copy of instructions left with the Naval Officers in Newfoundland. Concerns problems of illicit trade with St. Pierre and Miquelon.

71 B 71v

1 January 1765

Anthony Colombies

Board of Trade (London)

Concerning Colombies' attempt to resecure a land grant to form two communities (Englee and Assanado (?)) on the Northern Peninsula. He had been previously been granted the land in 1762 but French Fishermen under the direction of Lieutenant Peter Vancourt took part of the plantation by force for their own use. Handwriting is faint and difficult to read a times.

73 B 74

18 December 1764

John Tuckor, John Elliott, Arthur French (mayor), William Dinning

Letter describing encounter between Mr. Anthony Colombies and Lieutenant Peter Vancourt and his French Fishermen in Canada Harbour on the Northern Peninsula.

75 B 76

29 August 1764

James Hutton, Secretary for the General Synod of the Unity of the Evangelical Brethren

Henry, the XXVIIIth Reuss Count and Lord of Plauen

Translation of the diploma given by the General Synod of the United Fratrum [Moravians] to the Count and Lord of Plauen appointing him Advocate of that society.

77 B 77v

26 February 1765

James Hutton

Board of Trade (London)

List of papers laid before the Board outlining the intentions of the United Brethren [Moravians]. Lists the diploma outlined above and a document that outlines the powers of the Advocate. Mentions Moravian plans to visit the Labrador Coast.

79 B 80

31 January 1765

Henry the XXVIII Reuss Count and Lord of Plauen, Advocate of the United Brethren.

Board of Trade (London)

Document outlining powers given to the Deputies of the United Brethren by the Advocate of the Society. Outlines the plans of these deputies to do evangelical work among the Eskimo of Labrador. The deputies will be Jens Haven, Christian Broderson, Charles Metcalf and John Hill. This is the document mentioned in the list directly above.

81 B 85

23 February 1765

Christian Broderson, Charles Metcalf, Jens Haven, and John Hill

Board of Trade (London)

Petition by the Moravians to the Board with proposals to establish a settlement on the Labrador coast. Refers to past treatment of the Eskimo and their subsequent behaviour. Handwriting is faint at times, but this is not too much of an impediment to reading.

87 B 88

Copy of document on pages 79-80. Two copies present.

89 B 89v

8 April 1765

Earl of Halifax (London)

Board of Trade (London)

Letter transmitting several papers received from the French Ambassador relative to the French fishery on the coast of Newfoundland and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Signifying the King's pleasure that their Lordships should examine into their complaints and demands contained therein and report their opinion how far they appear to be founded. Also, whether it be expedient and necessary that any and what additional instructions should be given to Commodore Palliser thereupon.

91 B 92

7 April 1765

Guerchy, French Ambassador

Earl of Halifax

(In French; Enclosed with above) letter outlining concerns of French Fishermen over six different points, including request for more precise orders concerning their fishery in Newfoundland and the Gulf of St. Lawrence, setting the position of Point Riche and asking for set rules concerning the French fishery at the islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon where the French had had trouble the past year.

93 B 105

8 April 1765

Various official French representations

Earl of Halifax

Six separate documents, in French, complaining of different French Shore issues each would like to have addressed by the English government. These are apparently issues raised by the several complaints appearing in the previous pages [some of the details of those complaints are presented in a clearer and more legible script than in the originals above] and the same points referred to in the letter above. Each letter has a section added to it by Hugh Palliser written in English, which describes his analysis of the complaint (generally he finds cause to dismiss the complaints). These English notes were made on 13 April 1765. No. 4 (99-100), concerning French claim that Point Riche and Cape Ray are the same, has no commentary by Palliser.

106 B 107

23 January 1765

Hugh Palliser

Board of Trade

Cover letter for the annual state of the fishery, the state of the French fishery, the state of American trade into several harbours in Newfoundland, and numerous other documents relating to the state of the fishery in 1764 (see below).

108 B 110v

[Enclosed with above] Annual State of the Fishery for 1764

111

[Enclosed with above] Annual State of the French Fishery for 1764

113 B 119

[Enclosed with above] An account of goods imported from the American plantations to various communities in Newfoundland. Communities listed are Great and Little Placentia, Harbour Grace, St. John's, and Ferryland

120 B 143

25 Bonds between American ships masters and the British Crown that they will not take on board and carry to America any Newfoundland fishermen under a penalty of £500. Each bond names the Ship's Master, the name of the vessel, the place the vessel is from and the date on which the bond was signed.

144 B 144v

13 April 1765

Hugh Palliser (London)

Board of Trade

Cover letter concerning French complaints that were sent to him by the Board of Trade upon which he has made his comments and is now returning to the Board. This is possibly in reference to the French letters of complaint outlined above on pages 93-105 which have Palliser's comments on them. The letters he refers to in this letter do not follow, and he only refers to five letters, not six. However, only five of the six letters mentioned above have comments on them.

146 B 146v

27 April 1765

Philip Stephens, Secretary to the Admiralty

John Pownall, Secretary, Board of Trade

Letter confirming that a request from the Board of Trade for passage for four members of the United Brethren [Moravians] to the coast of Labrador to establish a mission has been received and approved by the office of the Admiralty.

148

29 March 1765

W. Sharpe

Letter acknowledging a petition received by the King's Council from Joshua Mauger, Gregory Olive and John Le Breton asking for the King's understanding and to grant them relief after major losses incurred because the island of St. Peter (St. Pierre) had been turned over to the French. Said petition has been turned over to the Board of Trade for their consideration and opinion of the matter which they are to express to the Privy Council.

149 B 149v

Joshua Mauger, Gregory Olive and John Le Breton

[Enclosed with above] Copy of abovementioned petition to the King's Council.

152

5 May 1765

Robert Walpole

Board of Trade

Order in council to the board to draw up instructions for the Governor of Newfoundland in accordance with representation of the 29 April.

154

23 May 1765

Thomas Whalely

Secretary of the Board of Trade

Requests Board's opinion on whether or not they think it is proper for ships heading to Newfoundland to be under the same rules and restrictions as ships heading to other parts of the King's Dominions in America.

156

27 February 1765

H. [Be]rles (?); Edward Hooper; J. Frederick; J. Pennington

Lords Commissioners of HM Treasury

[Enclosed with above] Asking whether ships used in the Nfld fishery should be registered like all other ships that come to North America for trading purposes.

158

December 1765

H. S. Conway

The Board of Trade

Seeks Board's opinions concerning Mons. de la Boularderie who lost his lands and property during the recent war. Property is identified as "the Lands of Labrador, Isle Verderonne, and Niganiche at the Entrance of Baye Royale." Conway requests advice on appropriate action. [This is almost certainly not a reference to Labrador but to Isle Royale and Boularderie's lands in and around the Bras d'Or Lakes. The document's presence in the CO 194 papers relating to Newfoundland is therefore probably a mistake.]

160 B 160v

12 Dec. 1765

[Enclosed with above. In French] The Memoire of Le Sieur de la Boularderie concerning his recent experiences and losses

162 B 163

February 1766

Joseph Philibot (Quebec City, Canada)

Board of Trade (London)

[In French] Philibot wants his rights restored to fishing premises in Forteau on the coast of Labrador that had been granted to him by Governor Murray but had been taken away by the regulations of Governor Palliser.

164 B 164v

17 February 1766

John Christopher Roberts

Secretary of the Board of Trade

papers relative to the case of Capt. Philibot, who complains of having been deprived by Governor Palliser's regulations of an exclusive fishery on the coast of Labrador, granted to him by Governor Murray.

166 B 167

[Enclosed with above] copy of the case of Captain Philibot as outlined above. It is quite objective and outlines both sides of the story and outlines what was done. Philibot demanded £1870 in damages from the Province but the real cost was assessed at around £690. However, this amount was not paid as it was deemed that the case had no grounds. The word of Gov. Palliser annulled the previous decision of Gov. Murray who had stepped beyond his powers anyway.

168 B 169

21 December 1765

Hugh Palliser

[Enclosed with above] Copy of a letter Palliser wrote defending his position on the Philibot case. Within his explanation Palliser makes mention of Petit Nord and St. Pierre and speaks of problems with English settlers who take part in clandestine trade with the French of these places. Palliser also mentions proof he has concerning Frenchmen that these English setters allow to live among them.

170 B 173v

30 October 1765

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

The Board of Trade and Plantations

Report on the Newfoundland trade and fisheries. Includes reference to: American fishing privileges in Newfoundland waters; relations with the Eskimo of Labrador; attempts to combine the whale, cod, seal and salmon fisheries; the problem of "clandestine trade" with both St. Pierre and the Petit Nord carried out by Newfoundlanders and people settled on the Coast of Labrador. Palliser also reports that New England vessels are trading with St. Pierre; he confiscated five such vessels. Palliser speaks of Micmac Indians settling in Newfoundland near St. Pierre and of Acadians settling on St. Pierre; both pose a threat as an additional burden on the Newfoundland fishery and as additional illicit traders with the French of St. Pierre. Palliser notes that there are 5 individual documents enclosed with this letter, each one dealing with the points outlined above. The script of the original document is quite faded and difficult to read at times; other times the script is quite easy to read.

175 B 176

8 April 1765

Hugh Palliser

All whom it may concern

[Enclosed with above] Palliser's proclamation concerning rules, orders and regulations to be observed on the coast of Labrador, and on the Islands of Anticosti and the Magdalen Islands. The rules and regulations are in reference to fishermen, including whalers and sealers, and their conduct and the law concerning murders done in these areas.

177 B 178

8 April 1765

Hugh Palliser

All whom it may concern

[Enclosed with above] proclamation concerning rules, orders and regulations to be observed by salmon fishermen throughout Newfoundland

179 B 179v

8 April 1765

(Jonathan Horsnaill for) Hugh Palliser (Horsnaill was Gov. Palliser's secretary; see D. Prowse, pp. 319-320)

All whom it may concern

[Enclosed with above] Order for Establishing a Communication and trade with the "Indians" of the coast of Labrador [Eskimo]. Outlines the way in which the Eskimo should be treated and the penalty for mistreating them. He adds that the Eskimo should not be given strong liquor in trade, as they have an aversion to it.

181v B 182

28 August 1765

Hugh Palliser

All whom it may concern

[Enclosed with above] Regulations for the Fisheries on the Coast of Labrador. This proclamation was written onboard HMS Guernsey in Pitts Harbour within Chateau Bay on the coast of Labrador. It is written on a two page spread which can pose some difficulties with reading.

184

9 July 1765

(J. Horsenaill for) Hugh Palliser (Great St. Lawrence)

All whom it may concern

[Enclosed with above] Order concerning inhabitants of Newfoundland who deal with the French at St. Pierre and Miquelon. The order includes a list of names at the end of Englishmen from various Newfoundland communities on the South Coast of the island This order is written into a two-page spread format which can pose some difficulties with reading.

185 B 185v

5 November 1765

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

Board of Trade and Plantations

Letter introducing Palliser's General Scheme of the Fisheries and Inhabitants of Newfoundland and of the French Fisheries; also an account of the State of the King's Forts in Newfoundland, with an Inventory of the remains of Stores in the Magazines there.

187v B 188

[Enclosed with above] A General Scheme of the Fishery and Inhabitants of Newfoundland for the Year 1765; can be difficult to read at times because the script is small and cramped in places. As well, the original pages were quite large and had to be photographed in sections to fit onto the microfilm. This makes it difficult to follow the row and column lines at times.

188v B 189

[Enclosed with above] General Account of the French Fisheries at Newfoundland, at St. Pierre in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and on the Banks for the Year 1765. This account is very detailed. It lists, by community, the number of ships, men, guns, stages, quintals of fish caught, the tonnage involved and so on.

190 B 190v

9 October 1765

Hugh Debbieg

Hugh Palliser

[Enclosed with above] A Report of the State and Condition of the Works and Buildings in Fort William in St. John's in Newfoundland. It reports that Fort William is in deplorable condition and is "tumbling down in many places." Notes that the palisades "are going fast to decay, and that most of the Buildings, particularly the Powder Magazine and the Houses and Barracks for the Officers and Soldiers of the Troops are in the most ruinous Condition and not worth the many repairs that have this year been bestowed upon them for the sake of the health of the Troops." This particular letter is a copy that has gone through Capt. Allan MacDonald of the 59^th regiment and is dated 10 October 1765 by him in Fort William.

193

1November 1765

G. Williams, Captain of Artillery

[Enclosed with above] State of the guns at St. John's, Newfoundland

194 B 205

31 October 1765

Edward White (Storekeeper)

[Enclosed with above] State and remains of Ordnance stores at St. John's Newfoundland. Every individual item is listed and is categorized wether it is Serviceable, Repairable, or Unserviceable. The individual items are also further categorized according to its general use, ie, Building Materials, Laboratory stores, Bedding and Utensils and Smiths Tools are just a few. [Last five pages are blank (203-205) and pages 204v-205 are there twice]

206 B 206v

15 September 1765

Robert Ejcumbe for M and W. Lemercier (absent with leave)

[Enclosed with above, a copy] State of the Military Stores at Placentia. Itemized list of all ammunitions at Placentia.

208 B 208v

18 December 1765

Hugh Palliser (London)

Board of Trade

letter introducing Palliser's remarks on the general state of the fishery in Newfoundland. Palliser asks for access to documents concerning the Newfoundland fishery that may be available in London and not in St. John's owing to a fire in 1748, so as to be able to do a better job in managing the Newfoundland fishery.

211 B 218

18 December 1765

Hugh Palliser

[Enclosed with above] Governor Palliser's remarks of the present state and management of the Newfoundland fisheries of 1765. This document is made up of sections outlining suggestions for and accounts of the fisheries in Newfoundland. In a preamble he maintains that the inhabitant fishery is not beneficial to Newfoundland. He then suggests why this is so and how impediments can be overcome. The document continues with a series of seven orders that encouraged and supported ship fishers. A second section gives orders that encourage and oblige the men to return yearly to England. A third section is an account comparing ships and men employed by the English and French on the Newfoundland Fisheries of 1765 with some remarks. Document closes with a brief outline of the Labrador whale fishery and the winter seal fishery as well as a complaint about New Englanders and Canadians who deal with the French in Newfoundland and directly with France.

220 B 220v

3 February 1766

Hugh Palliser

J. Pownall, Secretary of the Board of Trade

letter outlining the work of James Cook in mapping the coast of Newfoundland, Southern Labrador and the South coast of Newfoundland including the islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon. The letter proposes that the Board employ a draftsman to make copies of these maps and that Cook publish the maps for the benefit of trade and navigation in Newfoundland waters.

222 B 223

Richard Abbott

The Board of Trade and Plantations

This letter concerns a family (descendants of Thomas Newell) inheritance dispute over ownership of land in Bonavista. Abbott is Newell's grandson and is appealing a decision made by Governor Palliser to grant the inheritance to another grandson of Newell. Abbott is appealing to the Board in hopes that they will side with him and not with Palliser.

225 B 245

This is a collection of documents that are dated from 29 April to 5 September 1765

This is a series of letters concerning the visit of the Moravian missionaries to Labrador that have been recopied into one long document. There are therefore many authors involved; including Hugh Palliser, the secretary of the Board of Trade and Plantations and the Moravian Missionaries

The Board of Trade and Plantations

An account of the Voyage of the four missionaries sent by the Unitas Fratrum [Moravians] to the Eskimo on the Coast of Labrador. The first letter (signed by J Pownall, secretary of the Board) refers back to a letter of 1764 where the Board asked that four Moravian missionaries return to Labrador to make contact with the Eskimo. The second letter (signed by Palliser's secretary, John Horsnaill) is a proclamation that the four missionaries, John Hill, Christian Drachart, Jens Haven and Christian Andrew Schloezer are under the protection of the King. next section is an excerpt from the travel journal of the said missionaries as they voyaged to Labrador. They were forced to split up; two continued on the Labrador Coast and two more went to the island of Newfoundland to meet a group of Indians believed to belong to Eskimo tribes. They are the same Indian tribe that Haven met with in 1764. After this encounter the two missionaries returned to Labrador. A series of statements concerning the relationship between the Indians and the English past, present and future is included in the journal entry for 21 August 1765. The entry of 27 August contains a list questions that the governor would like to have answered about the Eskimo concerning items of their culture and language. The final entry of 30 September makes note of maps the missionaries had made of Eskimo Bay and Davis Inlet. The next document is the separate journal of the other missionaries. When the missionaries separated, each pair kept its own journal of experiences. The next document contains the answers to all the questions posed by the governor and listed in the first journal entries (concerning Eskimo language and culture). The final document is a list of place names in the Eskimo language found on the aforementioned maps, the English equivalent is included.

246 B 251

6 March 1766

The Moravians: Christian Brodersen, Charles Metcalf, and John Hill

The King of England and The Board of Trade

Petition of the Deputies of the Unitas Fratrum to his Majesty concerning a proposed mission and settlement on the Labrador Coast. The missionaries want a grant of land on which to establish their mission and settlement. Pages 247v-248 are repeated. There are also two copies of the letter sent to the Board. The first is on pages 248-249 and the second is on pages 250-251

252

19 March 1766

Hugh Palliser (London)

Board of Trade

A letter introducing reports relative to the fishery at the Magdalen Islands. He also mentions that he has enclosed the oath of allegiance administered to the remaining Acadian families on those islands.

254 B 254v

Capt. Thomas Allwright

[Enclosed with above] Answers to the enquiries relative to the Sea Cow fishery at the Magdalen Islands.

257

31 August 1765

Capt. Thomas Allwirght (Harbour Amhurst in the Magdalen Islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence)

[Enclosed with above] Oath of allegiance by the Acadian Inhabitants of the Magdalen Islands in 1765 to King George of England. Each man is named individually and each name has the mark of the man in question next to it.

258 B 258v

19 March 1766

Hugh Palliser

Board of Trade

letter introducing a document that contains a series of questions posed to Palliser by the Board of Trade concerning Labrador with Palliser's response written next to each question. Also introduces a couple documents concerning the state of the Labrador fishery.

260 B 262

19 March 1766

Hugh Palliser

Board of Trade

[Enclosed with above] Heads of enquiry respecting the state of that part of the coast of Labrador comprised within the commission to the Governor of Newfoundland with Governor Palliser's answers.

264 B 265

[Enclosed with above] a series of three documents dealing with a report on the Labrador fishery. The first is a general sketch of the winter fisheries upon the Labrador coast based on the average of three years because it is impossible to form a true idea of the produce from any one particular year. The second document is a report of the state of the fishery on the Labrador coast commencing the 14 May 1765, when the first vessel arrived, to 10 July ensuing when the fleet began to disperse. This document lists all statistics such as the number of vessels, where they came from, their tonnage, and the number of men by individual communities with remarks on the fishery in each harbour. The third document is a memo written with general remarks as to the abundance of the various fish species and the seasons in which each fishery is carried out. The script is fairly legible, though difficult in some places. The original paper is in fairly bad shaped which can pose some problems with reading.

266 B 267

14 August 1765

Joseph Isbister

Capt. Hamilton

[Enclosed with above] copy of a letter from Mr. Isbister to Capt. Hamilton concerning complaints made by the Indians (Eskimo) about English fishermen and whalers stealing from them. Isbister is worried about the reaction of the Eskimo and hopes these incidents will not have a long term negative impact on the relationship with them.

268 B 268v

24 March 1766

Hugh Palliser (London)

J. Pownall secretary to the Board of Trade

A letter stating the expediency of having instructions in respect to the claims of property, to exclusive possession in Newfoundland, and proposing several questions in respect there to. The document can be difficult to read at times. The actual script is easy to read, but it is quite faint in places.

270 B 271v

No date of writing indicated. Endorsement notes it was read 27 March 1766

Various merchants

Board of Trade

Memorial of Sundry merchants, settlers in the province of Quebec, to the Board, complaining of Palliser's orders concerning the granting of lands in Labrador. The issue is that Labrador had fallen under the jurisdiction of Canada and these people had been granted land there. When Labrador was transferred to the care of Newfoundland, Palliser declared that since the granting of land was not allowed in Newfoundland, these people could no longer claim exclusive right to land and fishing grounds in Labrador. This letter is fighting this order by direct appeal to the crown.

273 B 274v

31 March 1766

Hugh Palliser (London)

J. Pownall, secretary to the Board of Trade

Defends the regulations he made concerning the Labrador Coast with respect to the fishery thereon; a direct response to the letter sent to the Board by Mr. Milner and others concerning orders Palliser had made about the Labrador fishery. Within his reasons Palliser gives several individual names and examples of mistreatment of the Indians of Labrador at the hands of Englishmen.

276 B 277v

3 April 1766

Hugh Palliser (London)

J. Pownall, secretary to the Board of Trade and Plantations.

Palliser's observations upon the memorial presented to the Board by the Proprietors of several fishing ports on the Labrador Coast. This is in direct answer to the letter from various merchants as cited above on pages 270-271v. The script of this letter is very faint and at times can be quite difficult to read.

279 B 280

22 April 1766

Hugh Palliser (London)

Board of Trade

A letter reciting a paragraph of his letter to the secretary of state on 21 December 1765 in answer to the claims to several fishing posts on the Labrador Coast and intimating that the grants of these posts were not obtained gratis and justifying his proceedings in respect thereto.

281

22 April 1766

Hugh Palliser (London)

J. Pownall, secretary of the Board of Trade

A cover letter introducing a proposal to the Board concerning the erection of Forts and or establishments to be made for the protection of the fisheries, the security of the country or for carrying on a commerce with the Indians inhabiting the coast of Labrador

283 B 285

Board of Trade

[Enclosed with above] Proposals for Encouraging the Fisheries on the Coast of Labrador and for improving the same at Newfoundland. Palliser's recommendations include ideas about regulations for the Labrador fisheries, ideas concerning settlement in Labrador and how to avoid the ill treatment of the natives that they have been suffering to this point. Suggestions for the application of bounties to British ships to encourage the fisheries in Newfoundland and Labrador with a mention of how the French successfully apply the same idea. Palliser also proposes a scheme for how to execute his idea to establish blockhouses in Newfoundland; suggests Newfoundland be divided into three districts and each blockhouses be established in one district. This letter is a little difficult to read at times, mainly due to some apparent damage done to the first page. There are what appears to be spilled blots of ink on the first page that make it difficult to read some of the words

287 B 288

30 April 1766

Towter [Fowler(?)] Walker on behalf of the merchants, traders and other inhabitants of the province of Quebec.

Board of Trade

letter predicting the mischiefs that will arise by establishing Governor Palliser's orders for regulating the fishery upon the Coast of Labrador and praying to be heard in support of his allegations and that whatever plan of regulation may be adopted attention may be paid to the private rights of individuals and the general welfare of the province of Quebec.

289 B 289v

2 May 1766

Hugh Palliser (London)

J. Pownall, secretary to the Board of Trade and Plantations

letter relative to the steps Palliser took to pressure Bayne and Breymer into quitting a post on the coast of Labrador; and to the inexpediency of allowing exclusive possessions therein.

291 B 291v

8 February 1766

Hugh Palliser (London)

Mr. Bayne and Mr. Breymer

[Enclosed with above] letter sent to Bayne & Breymer relative to the loss they sustained by being warned to quit the post they possessed on the coast of Labrador.

293v B 294

Hugh Palliser

The Board

[Enclosed with above] A copy of a chart detailing the expense of the pursers of two ships gone this year of Newfoundland

295

9 September 1766

Hugh Palliser (St. John=s)

The Board of Trade and Plantations (London)

A cover letter to the Board concerning some apprehensions about the custom house established in St. John's and the ill effects it may have without particular regulations respecting the fees and other matters suitable to the nature of the fishery and trade of Newfoundland.

297

25 August 1766

Alex Dun, Collector; P [T](?). Haye, Comptroller (St. John's)

Hugh Palliser

[Enclosed with above] A letter from the customs house asking for a list of set, regulated fees to be used in St. John's. Mentions that there are enclosed a list of old fees that were charged and a list of fees charged in Boston which was accidentally acquired in London by a St. John= s official.

298 B 299

9 September 1766

Hugh Palliser (St. John=s)

The Merchants, Ship Masters and other concerned in the fishery at St. John's

[Enclosed with above] A letter in answer to concerns from the said group as to the lack of regulated customs fees in St. John's. Palliser attempts to calm fears that the fees will detrimentally affect the fishery by explaining that these fees apply only to ships engaged in trade and not fishing vessels.

300 B 300v

28 August, 1766

Various Merchants, Ship Masters, and others (St. John's)

Hugh Palliser

[Enclosed with above] letter concerning their complaint that they are being charged exorbitant customs fees. They want some regulations put in place that would not be burdensome to the trade and detrimental to the fishery. They compare their situation with that of the French who are paid bounties for their fishery instead of being charged fees as they are. This is quite possibly the letter that the letter directly above (from Palliser) is answering. The letter directly above is written in answer to these such concerns, from a group such as this and mentions that it is written in response to a letter written on the 28 of August. This document is quite difficult to read at times because the script is very faint in places and the original paper had deteriorated considerably before the microfilm was made.

301

[Enclosed with above] A list of Custom Fees received in the principal ports in Great Britain.

302 B 305v

21 October 1766; 27 October 1766

Hugh Palliser

Board of Trade

letter relative to illicit trade from Nova Scotia with the French Islands, the English and French Northern Newfoundland Fishery and the depredations of the Americans on the Fishery. Mentions Nova Scotia Indians being invited to the south coast of Newfoundland by the French. Also mentions the ill treatment of the Indians of Labrador by the Americans. The original body of the letter was written on 21 October, but there was a postscript added on 27 October which outlines that the Indians from Nova Scotia have not left the island as they were ordered to and they have settled around the area of Cape Ray. The Indians claim that they have had a pass from the government of Halifax to come over and they will stay. This worries Palliser; because these Indians are friendly with the French of St. Pierre, there may be an increase of illicit trade going on with Newfoundland.

307 B 307v

11 September 1766

Michael Franklin, Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia

Hugh Palliser

[Enclosed with above] A letter explaining to Palliser the problems that the Indians of Nova Scotia have been presenting to the government and general peacefulness of Nova Scotia. Franklin wants Palliser to order his ships to patrol the waters between Nova Scotia and Newfoundland to interdict as much as possible all communication between the Indians and Acadians of Nova Scotia with the French at St. Peters (St. Pierre).

308 B 309

16 October 1766

Hugh Palliser

Michael Franklin

[Enclosed with above] Response to the previous letter. Palliser sympathizes with the problems Franklin is having. Palliser complains about the fact that the Indians and Acadians were given passes (passports) to come to Newfoundland by the past Nova Scotian governor. Palliser promises to do his best to help the governor in his situation.

312

1 August 1766

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

[Enclosed with above] copy of an order responding to depredations committed on the coast of Labrador and in Newfoundland by crews of American vessels with negative effect on the fishery. This is written in a two page spread format and this can make it tedious to read.

313

22 September 1766

Hugh Palliser (St. John's)

[Enclosed with above] Palliser's order concerning French wrecks on the coast of Newfoundland. Some French ships had been driven ashore in a storm and Palliser is reminding the King's subjects that anyone caught stealing cargoes from these wrecked ships will have to repay triple the value of the stolen goods.

314

3 December 1766

Hugh Palliser (London)

Board of Trade

cover letter to the General State of the Nfld fisheries for 1766.

317

2 December 1766

Hugh Palliser

Board of Trade

[Enclosed with above] General scheme of the fishery and inhabitants of Newfoundland for 1766. Very detailed. It also includes the information for Labrador. There are remarks comparing changes in the fishery between the past year and this year. The chart can be difficult to follow and to read owing to its reduced size and condition.

319

[Enclosed with above] A general account of the French fisheries at Newfoundland, at St. Pierre and Miquelon, and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and on the Banks, 1766. Very detailed; it also includes general remarks about the fishery and various events that have taken place over the past year.

320

17 December 1766

Hugh Palliser

J. Pownall, secretary to the Board of Trade

letter concerning lawsuit by Bayne and Breymer against Palliser over the matter they pleaded last year. He wants the Board to let him know what answer they gave to the men so that he may prepare the proper papers to be delivered to the Board.

End of Volume