Copyrighted Website Design © by Eric Krause, Krause House Info-Research Solutions (© 1996)

Manuscript © Owner of the Original
HTML Transcription © Eric Krause, Krause House Info-Research Solutions

Researching the Fortress of Louisbourg National Historic Site of Canada
  Recherche sur la Forteresse-de-Louisbourg Lieu historique national du Canada

COPYRIGHTED REPORTS, PUBLICATIONS,
MANUSCRIPTS AND IMAGES SITE


 

J.S. McLennan, Louisbourg: From Its Foundation To Its Fall (Sydney: Fortress Press, 1969)

© Fortress Press

Chapter 13

APPENDICES

APPENDICES A. MEMO. re LIEUTENANTS HOPKINS AND BROWN, AND ENSIGN GRANT 

It is impossible to say with any certainty who these three were. An examination of the records of the time reveal one Lieut. Hopkins, 3 Lieuts. Grant, and no less than 6 Lieuts. Brown, all serving in America at the time of the siege of Louisbourg, and probably all serving at the siege itself.

Hopkins. - Among the " Commissions granted by the Earl of Loudoun during his command in America." [2] 

Thomas Hopkins is appointed a Lieutenant in the 48th (Webb's) vice Gordon, pd., on the 6th June 1757. A Return of killed and wounded, sent in Amherst's dispatch of 27July I758, includes the name of "Lt. Hopkins, of Webb's,"among the wounded. [3] Presumably he resigned in America, as among the Commissions granted by Amherst in America we read, "Jno. Clarke, Lt., 48th vice Hopkins, resd., 8 Mar. I759." The Army List for 1759 (War Office copy) also has Hopkins name crossed out and a MS. addition -" Res. - John Clarke, 8 Mar. '59." This appears to be the only Lieut. Hopkins who served at the siege of Louisbourg. [4] 

Grant.- John Grant was appointed Lieutenant to the 58th (Anstruther's) 28 January 1758. [3] He appears to have been the only lieutenant of the name at Louisbourg at the actual time of the surrender, but among the "Commissions granted by Amherst at the camp at Louisbourg " appear commissions to [5]

Allan Grant, as Lieutenant of the Royal Americans, 2d Batt., vice Hart, killed, 28 July I758 ; and 

Alexander Grant, as Lieutenant of the Royal Americans, 3d. Batt., vice Longsdon, dead, 23 August 1758. 

Brown. - The Army Lists of 1758 and I759 give the following: - 

22d (Whitmore's)       Lt. Henry Brown        5 Oct. 1756. 
28th (Bragg's)            Lt. Frans. Brown        9 April 1756. 
35th (Otway's)            Lt. Thomas Brown    16 Feb. 1756. 
60th (Amherst's)        Lt. John Brown            9 Feb. 1756.     


2. (W.O. 25/25 Commission Books 1757-60), C.O. 5/53. 
3. W.O. 25/25. 
4. Army List, 1759.
5. W.O. 25/25.


In addition to these, the E. of Loudon in America granted a commission to Lieut. William Brown of the 60th vice Ridge, pd. 13 Dec. 1756 ; [1] and Amherst at the camp at Louisbourg granted a Lieutenant's commission to William Browne of the 35th (Otway's) vice Thomas Comeford, killed 31 July 1758. A "Lt. Brown of Otway's" is included among the wounded in Amherst's Return of killed and wounded at Louisbourg. This was probably the above-named Lt. Thomas Brown, as William Browne was only an ensign until July 31, four days later than the date of the return. 

LIEUTENANTS BROWN [2] 

Henry Brown, 25 Oct. 1756, Lieut. (Disappears in 1761.) [3] 

Francis Brown, 9 April 1756, Lieut. (In the Army List for 1763 there is written against his name, "Francis Brown 28 Mar. '63." After this his name disappears, so that is probably the date of his death, or may be retirement). [4] 

Thomas Brown, 16 Feb. 1756, Lieut. (Disappears in 1761.) [5] 

John Brown, 9 Feb. 1756, Lieut., 15 Sept. 1760, Capt. (Disappears in 1764, but reappears in 1765 as): - 14 Jan. 1764, Capt. ; Army Rank, 15 Sept. 1760 ; 22 Sept. 1775, Major ; 14 June 1777, Retired. [6]

William Brown, 13 Dec. I 756, Ensign; 31 Oct. 1759, Lieut. (Disappears 1769.) [Too late.] 

ENSIGNS GRANT [7] 

Allan Grant, [8] 1 Feb. 1756, Ensign ; 28 July 1758, Lieut; 7 Oct- 1763, Regt. Rank. (Continued in Army Lists until 1772, when his name is crossed out and a Ml. note written against it. " David Alexandre Grant, 11 May '72." He does not appear later.) 

Alexander Grant, [9] 2 Feb. 1756, Ensign ; 23 Aug. 1758, Lieut. (Crossed out in the Army List of 1760 and marked " dd.") 

Commissions were granted at the camp at Louisburgh to: - 

Allan Grant, Rl. Americans, 2d Battn., as Lieut. vice Hart, killed, 2d July 1758. 

Alexander Grant, Rl. Americans, 2d Battn., as Lieut. vice Longsdon, dead, 23 Aug. 1758. 

By referring to Amherst's account in Gordon's journal it will be seen that the boats on the eastward of Wolfe's attack contained officers and men of the 1st, of the Irregulars, Fraser's, the 35th and 48th regiments, and next to the last named, the 60th. The head of the flotilla having actually got into the cove, the boats most likely to get beyond the sheltering front were those to the rear. I therefore hazard the opinion that these officers were Thomas Brown of the 35th (Otway's), Thomas Hopkins of the 48th (Webb's), and one or other of the Grants in the 60th, for it does not seem probable that a boat of the 58th, in which John Grant was Lieutenant, would have got from the extreme left of the detachment to its extreme right. 


1. W.O. 25/25.
2. Army Lists. 
3. 22nd Regiment, Whitmore's. 
4. 28th Bragg's. 
5. 35th Otway's. 
6. 60th Amherst's. 
7. Army Lists and Commission Books.
8. 60th Regiment. 
9. 60th Regiment.


B. VARIOUS ACCOUNTS OF THE LANDING 

Boscawen's Journal 

                                                                                                             THURSDAY, 8th June 1758. 

At Midnight sent all the boats with proper Officers in them to assist in landing the troops. The Generals went with them, attended by their Aide de Camps. The Commodore with Captains Buckle, Lindsay, Balfour and Goostree went likewise to assist in the Disembarkation. By the Dawn of the Day all the Troops were in the Boats and ranged in their proper Divisions. The Enemy upon observing of this motion, began, to throw Shells amongst the Frigates and Transports. The Kennington and Halifax ran close into Cormorant Cove, and at 4 I saw the Boats rowing towards the Shore with the Troops and at the Sun's rising the Kennington and Halifax began to fire upon the Enemy to cover the Landing, which was followed by the Sutherland, and rest of the Frigates placed ill Shore. About 5 o'clock the Enemy began a very smart Fire at the Boats with both Cannon, Swivels and Small Arms, which continued about 15 minutes, when it ceas'd, palrt of the Troops having Landed and driven the Enemy out of their Entrenchments. 

Gordon's Journal 

When the Fire from the Ships was thought Sufficient the Signal was made for the Grenadeers to row into the Cove which they accordingly did. The Enemy began a very hot fire of Musketry and Swivels, from their Entrenchments, and the same with Grape from their Batteries in Flank. After standing this some time still making for the shore, a small body of Light Infantry Commanded by Lieutenants Hopkins and Brown and Ensign Grant of the 35th Regiment seeing a convenient place on the right of the Cove that is free from the Enemy's Fire, the Surge being equally or more violent than in the Cove, made for it and getting ashore, were soon followed by the Whole ; came upon the Flank and back of the Enemy drove them, and Brigadier Wolfe, with a small body, pursued them within Cannonade of the Town. 

The right and Left Wings landed afterwards and were followed by the second Embarkation. The Line was formed and marched nearer the Town, laid out the Encampment for the Army, every Corps taking up their own ground. ,

Amherst's Journal 

On the 8th The Troops were in the Boats before the break of Day, in three Divisions according to the Plan annexed, and Commodore Durell having viewed the boats by order of the Admiral and given me his opinion that the Troops might land, without danger from the Surf, in the bay on our left the Kennington and Halifax now began the fire upon the left followed by the Grammont, Diana, and Shannon Frigates in the Centre and the Sutherland and Squirrell upon the right, when the fire had continued about a quarter of an Hour, the Boats upon the left rowed into the Shore under the Command of General Wolfe, whose Detachment was composed of the four Eldest Companys of Grenadier$, followed by the light Infantry (a Corps of 550 men chosen as Marksmen from the different Regiments, serve as Irregulars and are commanded by Major Scott, who was Major of Brigade) and Companys of Rangers, supported by the Highland Regiment, and those by the Eight remaining Companys of Grenadier. 

The Division on the right under the Command of Br. Genl. Whitmore consisted of the Royal, Lascelles, Monckton, Forbes, Anstruther and Webb, and rowed to our right by the White Point as if intending to force a landing there. 

The Centre Division under the command of Br. Genl. Lawrence was formed of Amherst's, Hopson's, Otway's, Whitmore's Lawrence's and Warburton's, and made at the same time a Shew of landing at the fresh water Cove : this drew the Enemy's attention to every part and prevented their Troops posted along the Coast from joining those on their right. 

The Enemy acted very wisely, did not throw away a Shot till the Boats were near in shore, and then directed the whole fire of their Cannon and Musketry upon them : the Surf was so great that a place could hardly be found, to get a boat on shore ; notwithstanding the fire of the Enemy and the Violence of the Surf, Brigadier Wolfe pursued his point, and landed just at their left of the Cove, took post, attacked the enemy, and forced them to retreat. Many Boats overset, several broke to Pieces, and all the Men jumped into the water to get on shore. 

As soon as the left Division was landed the first Detachment of the Centre rowed at a proper time to the left and followed, then the remainder of the Centre division as fast as the boats could fetch them from the Ships, and the right Division followed the Centre in like manner. 

It took a great deal of time to land the Troops, the enemy's retreat, or rather flight, was through the roughest and worst ground I ever saw, and the pursuit ended with a canonading from all the town which was so far of use, that it pointed out how near I could encamp to invest it, on which the Regiments marched to their ground, and lay on their Arms. The Wind increased, and we could not get anything on shore. 

Anon. Journal (Brit. Mus. Add. MSS. 11,813, f 82-88). 

The morning very Clear, Little wind and Surge. The Troops Rendezvoused according to order at past 3 o'clock in the morning. Our Bomb Ketch then Began to Exchange shells with the Enemy at 4 o'clock our Frigates and Sloops Cannonaded furiously. 1/2 past 4 the Left wing rowed close in with the shore, in Fresh Water Cove, the Enemy kept so brisk a fire from their Entrenchments and from three Batterys with Grape shot that our troops were order'd to retreat and Land to ye Right of ye Cove, which they perfected with Great Difficulty, One Boat in which were Twenty Grenadiers and an officer was stove, and Every one Drowned. The African Rangers' under the Command of Major Scott, were the first that Landed. Fifty of these repulsed above a hundred French, who were coming to oppose the landing of our men, the Difficulty of Landing at this place was such that they thought the Devil himself would not have attempted it. 

An Authentic Account, June 8. 

About 4 this morning under cover of the Ship's Guns, the Boats with a Division of the Troops, after a general Rendezvous near White Point, made an Attempt of landing 


1.  An obvious mistake for "American."


to the Left at Kennington Cove with 600 Light Infantry. The whole Battalion of Highlanders, and 4 Companies of Grenadiers, under the Command of Brigadier General Wolfe ; while a Feint of landing was made to the Right towards White Point conducted by Brigadier General Whitmore; and the Brigades in the centre were commanded by Brigadier General Laurence, who made a Shew at Fresh-Water Cove, the move to distract the Enemy's Attention, and to divide their Force. 

The Left Wing finding the Shore at Kennington Cove impregnable, withdrew with some loss from the warm fire of two Batteries discharging Grape and round Shot upon them in Flank; while several Swivels, and small Arms almost without number showered on them from the Lines, that were about 15 feet above the Level of the Boats. 

As the Enemy had for some Years been preparing against such a probable attempt they had now been some Days in Expectation of our Visit : They had accordingly posted 3000 Regulars, Irregulars, and a few of the native Indians, in all the probable places of the landing, behind a very strong Breast-work fortified at proper Distances with several pieces of Cannon, besides Swivels of an extraordinary Calibre, mounted on very strong perpendicular Stocks of Wood, driven deep into the Ground : They had also prepared for flanking, by erecting Redans mounted with Cannon in the most advantageous Situations - Nothing of the Kind has perhaps been seen more complete than these Fortifications.

Besides, all the approaches to the Front lines were rendered so extremely difficult by the Trees they had laid very thick together upon the Shore round all the Cove, with their Branches lying towards the sea, for the Distances of 20 in some, and of 30 Yards in other places, between the Lines and the Water's Edge ; that, had our people not been exposed to such a Fire from the Enemy, the bare attempt of possessing these Lines, would have been like that of travelling towards them through a wild Forest, from the interwoven Branches of one Tree to those of another with incredible Fatigue and endless Labour. 

Nor, was this Stratagem possible to be suspected at any great Distance, as the Place had the Appearance of one continued Green of little scattered Branches of Fir. And, but very few of the Guns on their Lines were to be distinguished out of the Reach of their Metal, the rest were artfully concealed from our View with Spruce-Branches until the Boats advanced towards the Shore, with the Resolution of forcing the Works - The latent Destruction was then unmasked, by the removal of the Spruce-Branches and the adventurous Spectators were soon convinced, those works were not capable of being forced by numbers much superior to theirs. The Enemy depended much on their Strength here, which perhaps occasioned them to be somewhat premature in their exertion of it. For, before our Boats came near the water's edge, they began with great alertness to play their Batteries, and to fire red hot Balls, besides a continual Discharge of their small Arms among them. The consequence had been much more fatal to our People, few if any of whom would have escaped, had the enemy timed their fire with more judgment, by permitting the Boats to have actually landed their men on that narrow Shoal beach, taking no other notice of them until they had been all in their Power, than they had done before of the Fire from our Frigates, and of some Boats that had been with Commodore Durell to reconnoitre the Shore, before any of the Troops had put off from the Transports.

Exasperated, not discouraged, at this Repulse from the Enemy's irristible Fire, the 


1. Authentic Account, etc., June 8.


troops of that Wing, drew off with all convenient expedition towards the Centre, determined to rush on Shore wherever they saw any Probability of Success, whatever Loss they might sustain. Soon after this the Lieutenants Browne and Hopkins, with Ensign Grant and about 100 of the Light Infantry happily gained the Shore over almost impracticable Rocks and Steeps to the Right of the Cove. Upon which Brigadier Wolfe directed the Remainder of this Command to push on Shore as soon as possible, and as well as they could - which heightened their eager Impatience so much, that the Light Infantry, Highlanders and Grenadiers intermixed, rushed forward with impetuous Emulation, without Regard to any previous Orders, and piqued themselves mightily which Boat could be most dexterous and active in getting first on Shore. In this manner, though all the while exposed to the Fire of a Battery of three Guns, that sometimes raked, sometimes flanked their Boats very furiously, and of small arms within 20 yards of them, they were all expeditiously landed with little loss, besides about 22 Grenadiers, who were unfortunately drowned by having their Boats stove in the Bold Attempt. 

Among the foremost of these parties was Brigadier Wolfe, who jumped out of his Boat into the Surf to get to the Shore, and was readily followed by numbers of the Troops amidst a most obstinate Fire of the Enemy. Soon after landed Brigadier Lawrence, and was followed by the rest of the Brigades with all possible expedition. After him in a little time Brigadier Whitmore, and the Division of the Right Wing, gained the Shore, amidst a. continual Charge of Shot and Shells, from the Enemy's Lines, several of the latter reaching also as far as the Brigades in the Centre. And last of all landed the Commander in Chief. Major-General Amherst in the Rear, full of the highest Satisfaction from seeing the Resolution, Bravery and Success of the Troops on surmounting Difficulties and despising Dangers.

The Lieutenant of Warburton's ("Valbetone "), who died at Louisbourg after the siege, who was in the division which attacked the Sandy Cove (Coromandière), " said to me that their landing on the left of the Cove was made by chance, that they had not believed this place possible for landing, that three boats had sought there refuge from our fire (s'y étaient jettées pour éviter notre feu), and that they had signalled the others to come on" (avaient fait signal aux autres d'advancer).- (Poilly's journal.)

Princess Amelia.- Captain's Log. No- 736. Captn. John Bray. 

June 8, I758.- Sent boats "to assist landing Coll. : Fraizer Grenadiers first & then what other Troops that remained not Landed a Cutter with a Mate to Land the Rangers at sun rising the Sutherland & all the Frigates began a Cannonading the Enemy's Batteries & Breast Works the Boats with the Troops at the same time begun to Approach the shore the Enemy suffer'd them to Come within pistol shot of the shore before they began to fire and then begun to fire with Great Guns & small arms excessively hot which continued 14. minutes, but some Boats getting into some Rocks a little to the Eastward of the Bay Landed about 40 Rangers which Clamber'd up them & got into a small wood which, Flank'd the Enemy's Breastworks, which when perceived by them on receiving their Fire quitted their Battery & Breastworks & took to the woods with the utmost Precipitation in the Battery & Breastwork were upwards of 1100 men, the Landing then became General they now and then firing single musquets out of the woods at the Boats." They 5 killed & 10 wounded. 

FRENCH ACCOUNTS 

Three barges of this division to avoid our fire, rushed (ce sont jetté) behind a head Cap called Cap Rouge, which encloses the left of this Cove (Coromandi6re). On this head they had built a " nid de pie," where unhappily there was no detachment for what reason I know not. These barges found here a nook or two where they landed their men, and the third went to seek the others. - (Anon. journal.)

This division (Wolfe's) thus shattered (Rompie) sought to retire beyond our fire. Their right sheltered themselves by the rocks which ended our entrenchments unmolested (Comme ils Voulurent). Seeing that they were not observed they tried to land among the rocks, and did it so diligently that they had already put a considerable number of men on shore before they were seen. - (Poilly.) 

The W.S.W. winds drove the smoke of the cannon on shore, and in this they were favorable to the enemy, nevertheless of the first boats which entered the Coromandière there were a score destroyed by our artillery. One noticed that the others curved toward the second division with the exception of five or six which through fear or through a knowledge of the ground went into the cove Nid de Pie twelve or fourteen yards across in sand surrounded by steep rocks situated between the Coromandière after Sandy Cove and Flat Point, a place where there had been last year a detachment of twenty-five or thirty men, and this year none. Thus the first barges landed troops without opposition and the first success drew on the others. - (Drucour.) 

Capricieux.- At four o'clock in the morning, a little before the enemies made a general attack in Gabarus, all (of them) who appeared before the entrenchments were driven back, but the second line of the forces which had attacked the Coromandiėre seeing the first repulsed drew off to the left, and having found a ravine got on shore there, some boats of the first line followed them. 

Jeuly 8 h 4 heures du matin un peu avant les enemies ont fait une ataque générale dans Gabarus, tout ce qui soest présenté devant les retranchements a été repoussé, mais la seconds ligne de troupes de débarquement qui avoient ataqué la Coromandière voyant la premiere repousée a filé sur la gauche, et ayant trouvé un ravin y a mis pied à terre, quelques barges de la 1ère ort suivis.- (Tourville of the Capricieux.) 

They advanced their barges towards two large bays. . . . The English maintained their attack a long time without being further advanced than the loss of a great number of men, and without being able to force the retrenchments. A struggling barge that in appearance had been repulsed from the bays discovered a small creek, where two boats could enter at the same time. This creek was on the left of the regiment of Artois, and through negligence was left without a guard, although it was so surely comprehended in the general plan of defense the year before that in the summer of I757 I was posted there with a detachment. . . . This barge gave a signal to the others to follow, and at last they all slipped away from the two bays (Coromandière and Flat Point) without being remarked by the French in their retrenchments until several thousand of English soldiers had been landed and drawn up in battle array, having cut off the regiment of Artois from the rest of our troops.- Johnstone (Que. Lit. and Hist. Soc.).

LIST OF ENGLISH FLEET, 1758

Rate. Ships. No. of 
Guns.
No of 
Men.
Commanders Lieutenants. Sailed from 
England.
Dispositions
2nd Namur 90 780 Hon Adl. Boscawen
Matw. Buckle
Phil. Afflick 15 . 2 . 1758
from
Portsmouth;
23rd from
Plymouth


{
{In No.
{ America
{ under the

2 Royal William 84 765 Sir Chas. Hardy
Thos. Evans
Wm. Dumaresq Do.

{commd. of
{ the

3 Prs. Amelia 80 665 Commre. Durell
John Bray
Wm. Hall Do. { Honble. 
{ Adl.
3 Dublin 74 600 G. B. Rodney Jams. Worth 16 . 3 . 1758

{ Boscawen

3 Terrible 74 600 Rd. Collins Wm. Chads 16 . 4 . 1757 { In No.
{ America
{ under 
3 Northumberland 70 520 Rt. Hble. Colville Edwd. Thornborough 16 . 4 . 1757 {the
{commd. of
3 Orford 70 520 Rd. Spry Ridgwl. Sheward 16 . 4 . 1757 {Vice-Adl.
{Holbourne.
3 Somerset 70 520 Edwd. Hughes Robt. Mortimer 12 . 7 . 1757 Gone to No. America
3 Vanguard 70 520 Robt. Swanton Humphy Rawlins 8 . 4 . 1758

...

3 Burford 66 520 Jas. Gambier Thos. Pemble 23 . 2 . 1758 { Gone to
{ No. 
3 Lancaster 66 520 Hble. G. Edgcumbe Thos. Barker 23 . 2 . 1758 { America
3 Devonshire 66 520 Wm. Gordon Salkd. Jno. Proctor 29 . 6 . 1757 { under the
3 Captain 64 480 John Amherst Saml. Spendlove 20 . 1 . 1758 { commd. of
3 Bedford 64 480 Thorpe Fowke Lewis Davis 23 . 2 . 1758 { Honble.
3 Gr. Frederick 64 480 Robt. Man Jno. Gordon 29 . 1 . 1758 { Adl.
{ Boscawen
4 Defiance 60 400 Patk. Baird Heny. Phillips 2 . 5 . 1757 {
4 Pembroke 60 420 Jno. Simcoe Geo. Allan 23 . 2. 1757 {
4 York 60 480 Hugh Pigot Thos. Fitzherbert 30 . 1. 1758 {
4 Kingston 60 400 Wm. Parry Wm. Cock 16 . 4. 1757 {In No.
4 Pr. of Orange 60 400 Jno. Fergusson Jno. Jarden 23 . 3 . 1758 { America
{ under the
4 Nottingham 60 400 Saml. Marshall Wm. Bunyan 23 . 2 . 1758 {commdand 
4 Sutherland 50 350 Capt. Rous Isah. Hay 6 . 4. 1756 from Cork { of
4 Centurion 50 350 Wm. Mantell Jno. Barnsley 16 . 4 . 1757 { Honble. 
{ Adl.
5 Juno 32 220 Jno. Vaughan Chas. Wood 29 . 1. 1758 { Boscawen
{
5 Diana 32 220 Alexr. Schomberg Jos. Norwood 14 . 1. 1758

...

6 Boreas 28 200 Hble. Rt. Boyle Jno. Bernard 21 . 1 . 1758

...

6 Trent 28 200 Jno. Lindsay Patk. Calder 23 . 2 . 1758

...

6 Shannon 28 200 Chas. Medows Jno. Mann 23 . 2 . 1758

...

6 Portmabon 24 160 Paul H. Ourry Thos. Piercy 23 . 12 . 1754

...

6 Hind 24 160 Robt. Bond Thos. Ellis 25 . 1 . 1758

...

6 Scarborough 20 160 Robt. Routh Robt. Carpenter 24 . 9 . 1757

...

6 Squirrel 20 160 Jno. Wheelock Crean Percival 15 . 1 . 1758

...

6 Kennington 20 160 Maxm. Jacobs Lewis Gordon 23 . 2 . 1758

...

Frig Gramont 18 125 Jno. Stott Petr. Baskerville 15 . 2 . 1758

...

Slo. Hunter 10.14 110 Jno. Laforey Jno. Sharpe 25 . 1 . 1758

...

Slo. Hawke 10.14 110 Robt. Hathorne Wm. Denne 16 . 4 . 1757

...

Fires Vessel  Lightning 8.6 45 Wm. Goostrey Hy. Ashington 23 . 2 . 1758

...

Fires Vessel Altma 8.6 45 Geo. Balfour Wm. Bloom 23 . 2 . 1758

...

Armed Vessel Tagloe ... 40 Davd. Pryce ... 25 . . 1758

...

 Eighteen of these Captains had served as recently as 1757 in American waters. 

LIST OF THE LAND FORCES IN 1758 

Commanding Officers on the Expedition against the Fortress of Louisbourg 

Major-General JEFFRY AMHERST, Commander-in-Chief of His Majesty's Forces.

Brigadier-General EDWARD WHITMORE. | Brigadier-General CHARLES LAWRENCE. | Brigadier-General JAMES WOLFE. 
Train of Artillery commanded by Colonel GEORGE WILLIAMSON. 
Chief Engineer - Colonel JOHN HENRY BASTIDE. 
Rangers commanded by Lt.-Colonel SCOTT.

Regiment

 
No.

Name

Modern Name.


B
a
t
t
a
l
i
o
n
s
.



C
o
l
o
n
e
l
s
.
L
t
.
-
C
o
l
o
n
e
l
s
.





M
a
j
o
r
s
.



C
a
p
t
a
i
n
s
.
L
i
e
u
t
e
n
a
n
t
s
.




E
n
s
i
g
n
s
.
C
h
a
p
l
a
i
n
s
.

A
d
j
u
t
a
n
t
s
.
Q
r
.
-
M
a
s
t
e
r
s
.

S
u
r
g
e
o
n
s
.
S
u
r
g
e
o
n
s
'

M
a
t
e
s
.
S
e
r
g
e
a
n
t
s
.

D
r
u
m
m
e
r
s
.
R
a
n
k

a
n
d

F
i
l
e
(Actual)
 1   Royals    Royal Scots (Lothian
 Regt.) 
 2nd   ...   1   1   7  20   9  1   1   1   1   2   38   18

854

15 Amherst's East Yorkshire Regt. ... 1 1 1 8 18 7 1 1 1 1 2 35 19 763
17 Forbes Leicestershire Regt. ... ... 1 1 7 10 9 ... 1 1 1 1 29 20 660
22 Whitmore's Cheshire Regt. ... 1 1 ... 8 17 8 ... 1 1 1 2 37 20 910
28 Bragg's 1st. Batt. Gloucester Regt. ... ... 1 1 7 9 8 1 1 1 1 1 30 20 627
35 Otway's Royal Sussex Regt. (1st. Batt.) ... ... 1 ... 5 12 5 ... 1 1 1 1 20 14 566
40 Hopson's Prince of Wale's Volunteers (South Lancashire Regt.) ... ... 1 ... 7 16 6 ... 1 1 1 2 30 16 550
45 Warburton's  1st Batt. Sherwwood Foresters (Derbyshire Regt.) ... ... 1 1 6 17 6 ... 1 1 1 1 38 19 864
47 Lascelles Loyal North Lancashire Regt. (Wolfe's Own) ... ... 1 1 5 15 9 ... 1 1 1 2 38 18 857
48 Webb's 1st Batt. Northamptonshire Regt. ... ... 1 1 7 16 8 1 1 1 1 2 38 20 932
58 Anstruther's 2nd Batt. Northamptonshire Regt. ... ... 1 ... 8 8 7 1 1 1 1 1 26 15 615
60 Monckton's King's Royal Rifle Corps 2nd ... .... 1 6 20 7 ... 1 1 1 2 39 20 925
60   Lawrenc's King's Royal Rifle Corps 3rd 1 ... 1 6 16 7 ... ... 1 1 2 35 17 814
78 Frazer's The Seaforth Highlanders 2nd 1 ... 1 10 22 10 1 1 1 1 2 43 22 1,084
...

Effective total

 ...

... 4 11 10 97 216 106 6 13 14 14 23 476 258 11,021

 To these were added - Train of Artillery Rangers  ........................................... 267
                                       Rangers ......................................................................... 499
                                                                                                                               ______
                                       Making a total of rank and file .................................. 11,787
                                       And others ...................................................................    1,355
                                                                                                                             _________
                                                                                                                               13,142

The forces intended for the expedition were : 14,815. (C.O. 5/212.) There is a slight discrepancy between Gordon's and Cunningham's accounts of the numbers. The above follows Gordon (Journal N.S. Hist. Soc. vol. v.).

MUNITIONS OF WAR. 

     Supplied                                                                                            Expended. 
Canon .......................................................................       88                        13 
Mortars ....................................................................        52                         1 
Howitzers ................................................................          6                         8 
Shot ........................................................................   45,861                14,630 
Shells and carcasses .............................................   41,962                    3390 
Grenades ...............................................................      4000                        ... 
Powder bbls. ..........................................................     4888                     1493 
Sand-bags .............................................................  115,000                 39,500 
Cartridges ............................................................     53,513                 30,230 
Musket  ..............................................................     726,756               750,000 
Fuzes ................................................................        45,261                  14,119 

It may be noted that only in musket cartridges was the supply short. In other things only about one-third of the supply was used. The above statistics are from Gordon's Journal

No such accurate figures are available for the French forces in Louisbourg. They seem to have been:

SHIPS.

                                                                              Guns                 Men

Prudent  .........................................................     74                       680 
Entreprenant .................................................     74                       680 
Capricieux .....................................................     64                       440 
Célèbre ...........................................................     64                       440 
Bienfaisant  ....................................................    64                        440 
Apollo ..............................................................    50                       350 [1]
Arèthuse ..........................................................    36                       270 
Fidèle ...............................................................   36                        270 
Chèvre ..............................................................   16                        150 
Biche.................................................................   16                        150 
                                                                           _______                  _______
                                                                           494                         3870 

LAND FORCES (FRENCH). 

Artois ......................................................................................           520 
Bourgogne ..............................................................................           520 
Cambis ......................................................................................         680 
VolontairesEtrangers ...............................................................         680 
Compagnies Détachées ............................................................       1000 
Gunners ....................................................................................          120 
                                                                                                          _______
                                                                                                            3520

There was an overwhelming superiority on the side of the attack, demonstrating the value of fortifications, which in this case were neither well placed nor substantial. 


1. The complement of the four smaller ships have been estimated.