Random Biographies ~ Men and Women in the Louisbourg Expedition of 1745 led against the Fortress of Louisbourg, by Eric Krause (Krause House Info-Research Solutions, 2004-Present)

The Men and Women in the Louisbourg Expedition of 1745
led against the Fortress of Louisbourg

This is a location where the biographies of men and women in the Louisbourg Expedition of 1745 will be placed when encountered on the internet OR sent to the author. If you have a name which appears here or not, be sure to also consult the following database where, among other names, are the names of far many more siege participants than found in the evolving biography list below:

Note: These files were once available on the web fortress.uccb.ns.ca, later on the web fortress.cbu.ca. Unfortunately this site has been removed from the internet. Fortunately Krause House has archived this site off-line.

ALDRIDGE, CHRISTOPHER, Jr, military officer; son of Christopher Aldridge Sr; d. 1760 in England. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Anonymous ["A Military Gentleman In His Majesties Service" and thus perhaps an English Officer who was probable a participant in the siege], "Siege of Louisbourg, THE CAPITAL OF THE ISLAND OF CAPE BRETON, IN NORTH AMERICA," IN A New Military Dictionary, or the Field of War, containing A Particular and Circumstantial Account Of the Most Remarkable Battles, Sieges, Bombardments & Expeditions, Whether by Sea or Land, Such as relate to Great Britain & her dependencies, Deduced From the Descent of Julius Caesar to the present time and Those that regard the Continent of Europe, Traced from The reign of Charlemagne, beginning with the Ninth Century, including Anecdotes of the Lives, Military & Naval Transactions, of the most celebrated Admirals, Generals, Captains, &c., who have distinguished themselves in the Service of their Country, to which is added an essay on Fortification, and A Table explaining the Military and Naval Terms of Art. Compiled from the best Authorities and most approved Authors By a Military Gentleman. ILLUSTRATED with a great number of elegant COPPER-PLATES, Heads of the Admirals and Generals, Plans of Battles, Maps, &c. London (Printed for J. Cooke at Shakespear's Head behind the Chapter-house in St. Paul's Church-yard, 1760) - Siege account reprinted in The New York Times, June 13, 1897.

John Ashcraft; born 14 Sep 1696 probably at Stonington, Connecticut; married 1st Margaret Hurd 25 May 1719 also probably at Stonington, Connecticut (had 5 children); he and Margaret Hurd were divorced 18 Sep 1733 at Winham County, Connecticut; married 2nd Mary Keeney, daughter of Joseph Keeney and Hannah Hills, after 1733 in Connecticut (had 3 children); died 1 Nov 1745 at Ft. Louisbourg, Quebec, Canada; buried at Ft. Louisbourg, Quebec. John wrote a will on 4 Apr 1745 probably at Stonington, Connecticut:

"Being listed to go upon a dangerous expedition to an enemies' land, have thought good to make this my last will and testament."

His will was probated 7 Jan 1746 at Stonington, Connecticut. Inventory includes "John Ashcraft's share of booty."

Samuel Bailey Sr. had a distinguished military history over many years. He was at the siege of Louisbourg, Nova Scotia 1744-45 under Nathan Whiting. His son Samuel Jr. joined up at age 15 and they served together. Samuel Jr. later served with the CT troops in the NY Provincial Troops in the French and Indian War under Capt. Street Hall; was on the roll 21 Jun 1755. On a roll dated April 4, 1759, we find Samuel Bailey Sr., age 46 from Haddam, CT and Ephraim Bailey, age 18, also from Haddam (his son) enrolled in Capt. Gilbert Potter's Co. of Suffolk, L.I., NY troops

His life up to 1750 seems to have been spent largely or entirely at Haddam, excepting for a few months service in the expedition against Louisburg in 1744-45.

Went to dine with the Admiral again - afternoon - went and prayed - at the house where Captain John Baker lived - where they were very sick - attended - the citadel prayers - this day four men buried at the Grand Battery - Lt. Chaplins men and four more ...

Timothy BAKER was born about 1710. Timothy died about 1745. Page 12-13 of "Genealogy of the descendants of Edward Baker of Lynn, Mass. 1630" published in 1867 by Nelson M. Baker of La Fayette, NY lists the children of John Baker and Rebecca Clark as: Two John's, who died in infancy; John, b.1715 d.1802; Timothy, b.1710 lost his life in early manhood, as a soldier in the expedition against Louisburg, 1745; Noah, b.1719 d.1810; Aaron, b.1726 d.1802; Elisha, b.1727 d.1806; Elijah, b.1730 d.1811; Stephen, b.1731 d.1812; Mary, m.Josiah Clark, and had six children; Sarah, m.Gideon Henderson

One of two men from Northampton in Major Pomeroy's regiment to die of disease while in service at the siege of Louisburg. The other man was Timothy Baker, son of John Baker.

While researching my Barber family history online I came across "Early Settlers of West Simsbury [now Canton] CT" on the NEGHS website. This data was taken from the 1856 History with Short Sketches and Family Records of the Early Settlers of West Simsbury. It stated under Jonathon Barber's name:

BARBER, JONATHAN . He with his wife came from the old parish of West Simsbury with his brothers Samuel, Thomas and John. He settled and built on the place a few rods south of the dwelling-house of the late Jesse L. Barber deceased. He lost his life at the seige and capture of Louisburg, in 1745.
Parents. Born. Died. Age
Johnathan Barber, 1717, 1745, 28.
Jemima Cornish, 1791.
Children. Born. Died. Age.
Jonathan, 1743, 1762, 19. Died in the expedition against Havana; single.
Jemima, 1741. Married Joseph Messenger.
Mary, 1742.
Bildad, 1745, 1816, 71. Born fatherless ; married Lois Humphrey, and removed to the State of New York.
His descendants have become extinct in the town of Canton. His widow after his death married Jacob Pettibone. The Pettibone children were Jacob, David, Martha, and Susannah, wife of Isaac Ensign.
==================
I see your database lists a J.W. Barber and I assume they are one and the same.

freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~barlow/colwar.html [Not presently active]
freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~barlow/may96newsletter.html [Not presently active]

Nathan Barlow, 8th Company, 3rd Massachusetts Regiment, Cape Breton Expedition against Louisburg in 1745

BASTIDE, JOHN HENRY, military engineer, army officer; b. c. 1700; parents and place of birth unknown; d. probably 1770. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Bement, Jonathan (1705 - 1747); b. 12 DEC 1705 in Enfield, Hartford Co., CT; d. 1 JAN 1746/47 in Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada; father: Bement, Edmund(1672 - 1745); mother: Warner, Priscilla(~1680 - 1719)

JONATHAN BEMENT, born 12 Dec 1705 at Enfield, Connecticut, died 1 Jan 1746 at the age of 40 at Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia; married 30 Sep 1731 Patience Allen at Enfield, born 22 May 1709 at Enfield, died at Suffield, Connecticut, daughter of John Allen by his wife Bridget Booth.

In 1745 in common with the young manhood of Enfield and New England, Jonathan caught the military enthusiasm of the projected expedition against the French stronghold at Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia where he later perished. Dr. Pease's narrative, written in 1829, describes Enfield's relation to this event and her proportion of loss from the disastrous results of victory:

"A large band of young men the flower of the town, the pride and strength of almost every family joyfully embraced the opportunity to fight for glory. They went off in a frolic without even dreaming of danger. The first news their parents had from them was of the most animating character. A glorious and almost bloodless victory had been obtained, nothing less than the conquest of Louisburg, the key of Canada, the strongest fortress in the western world. The shouts of victory now resounded over the hills and through the valleys of New England, every countenance beamed with joy and every heart was filled with the most cheering anticipations, but mark the sequel. The next news from the brave army of New England was (of) the most appalling kind, the fine army which had achieved such a glorious victory were dying of famine and disease of the hundreds amidst the inhospitable climate of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Nineteen lovely youths from Enfield perished in this expedition. When the melancholy news of their fate arrived the whole town was wrapped in mourning such mourning as it never experienced before nor since." (Source: Allens' Enfield, vol. 1, p. 19.)

He saw service in the Louisburg expedition, was a sutler in the Crown Point campaign of 1757, and had a ...business capacity, who took part in many enterprises.

Surname: BLODGETT
Source: A List of The Revolutionary Soldiers of Dublin, N.H. by Samuel Carroll Derby, Columbus, Ohio, 1901, pages 24-25

SAMUEL BLODGETT of Goffstown, b. 1724, Woburn, Mass.; d. Goffstown, 1807. Capt. Blodgett was a man of great energy and business capacity, who took part in many enterprises. He saw service in the Louisburg expedition, was a sutler in the Crown Point campaign of 1757, and had a narrow escape from death at the surrender of Fort William Henry. In 1775, he was sutler in Sullivan's brigade at Winter Hill. Since he was more than fifty years old at the beginning of the war, he did less active service, yet, in 1777, commanded a company in Col. Nathan Hale's regiment, but resigned his captaincy, Dec. 22, 1777. Captain Blodgett was accounted the wealthiest citizen of Goffstown, and was prominent in its affairs, civil and religious. He had been a justice under the royal government, 1774, a fact which shows that he was an influential citizen. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS, OCTOBER, 1904. Capt. Samuel Blodgett, b. Apr. 1, 1724; d. Sept., 1807.

BIRTH: ABT 1717, Reading, Massachusettes, USA? DEATH: 20 JAN 1800, Hillsboro, Hillsborough, New Hampshire, USA OCCUPATION: Carpenter, Farmer Soldier in Old French War and in the Expedition to Louisburg. Soldier and Patriotic Service in the Revolutionary War for NH. DAR Patriot Index, 1976, pg 72.

Fisherman & husbandman; in battle of Louisburg. Married Rachel Foster about 1747. Lived in Gloucester. Two sons: Enoch, Elijah. Four daughters: Mary, Susannah, Sarah, Hannah.

Descendants of Andrew Brown, Sr: Fourth Generation ... He served in Col. John Storer's Co in the Louisburg Expedition (NEHGS Register 22:116). He also served from 8 Jun 1761 to 11 Jan 1762 in Capt Simon Jeffrey's Co, (MA Archives Muster Rolls 99/135).

CALEFF, JOHN (he also signed Calef), surgeon; b. 30 Aug. 1726 in Ipswich, Mass., son of Robert Calef, a clothier, and Margaret Staniford; m. first 10 Dec. 1747 Margaret Rogers of Ipswich, and they had two children; m. secondly 18 Jan. 1753 Dorothy Jewett of Rowley, Mass., and they had 15 children, 4 of whom were stillborn; d. 23 Oct. 1812 in St Andrews, N.B - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

John Cecil, 1st Duke and Viscount of Greystoke, b. 1730, m. (when he was 16) Hilda, dau. of Major Bolko Rubinroth of Lustadt, Kingdom of Lutha, and Julia, dau. of Dr. Wilhelm von Harben and Augusta, dau. of Baron von Ruderfurd of Cronstadt, and had issue, including:

The 1st Duke was a child prodigy, starting to read Latin at the age of three, Greek at four, and Hebrew at five. At seven, he could play six musical instruments and composed, at eight, a number of musical pieces, including a concerto grosso which puzzled many critics but which Bach was to declare a work of genius which he predicted would not be fully appreciated until the 20th century. (Unfortunately, this work has since been lost.) At fifteen, the precocious 1st Duke went on the Grand Tour and met Hilda Rubinroth, a famous singer, 30 years old, served a year in the Luthan army as a Lieutenant, and then resigned, eloping with Hilda.

Upon returning to England, after a visit to Egypt and the Holy Land, His Grace seemed to lose all desire to further his musical and classical genius. His Grace had access to an immense fortune, his father being one of the few who had profited by the South Sea Bubble of 1720, escaping the general ruin.

Becoming intimate with his Majesty, George II, who shared his interest in opera and was a patron of Handel, His Grace lent His Majesty vast sums. Little of this was repaid, but His Grace could afford it, deriving his fortune from the very profitable trade in slaves and goods in Africa, the West Indies, and the North American colonies. Though he never held public office, he nevertheless had great influence on the king, and this despite a long absence from England during the French-Indian War. Also sharing George II's keen interest in military life and affairs, His Grace purchased a commission and went to the Colonies. There he was wounded in the battle in which General Braddock was killed. He served in Lord Loudon's unsuccessful amphibious expedition against Louisbourg, but was with Lord Amherst in the capture of Louisbourg and the victories of Fort Ticonderoga and Crown Point.

His Grace derived much fame from the publication of his journal, An Odyessey in the American Wilderness (1754), in which he described his capture, torture, and escape from the Cayugas. While being tormented, His Grace lost an eye and, after his successful flight, his right leg from an infection resulting from a dispute with a bear over a rabbit. Returning to England, his lordship saved His Majesty from a Jacobite assassin and was for this and his other services created Duke and Viscount of Greystoke (not to be confused with the extinct Barony of Greystoke, Cumberland). His Grace d. 1765 of a fall from a horse while hunting, and was succeeded by his son,

Stephen CLARK was born Northampton, Hampshire, MA 1727. Stephen died 1745 in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada, at 18 years of age. He married Naomi. Stephen was one of two men from Northampton in Major Pomeroy's regiment to die of disease while in service at the siege of Louisburg. The other man was Timothy Baker, son of John Baker. I have some doubt as to whether or not Stephen was actually married. He was only 18 at the time of his death, and supposed wife Naomi has not been identified.

Rev. John Cleaveland, 1758-1762, a chaplain in the French and Indian war. Louisbourg Diary

COBB, SILVANUS, mariner, military officer; b. 18 March 1709/10 at Plymouth, Massachusetts, son of Elisha Cobb and Lydia Rider; m. Elizabeth Rider 22 Oct. 1734 and had one daughter; d. probably at Havana, Cuba, in the summer of 1762. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Sylvanus Cobb was born in Plymouth, Massachusetts. He first comes into historical focus in 1745. It was at that time, like so many adventurous New Englanders, that he was to raise a company of men1 and to join up with William Pepperrell in the First Siege of Louisbourg. After the capitulation of Louisbourg, Cobb was to stay on as part of its garrison, at least until the early part of 1746.

Cobb came to Louisbourg in 1745, likely as one of Gorham's Rangers. (NSHQ#3:4, p. 333.)

During the year, 1746, Cobb is seen to be working out of Annapolis Royal under the command of Mascarene. By 1748, Cobb is a master of a sailing vessel and was running despatches between Boston and Annapolis Royal.2; and, it was during 1748 that Cobb was to ferry Charles Morris about when he carried out his surveys of the Fundy. (See one of the resultant maps, Minas.)

With the coming of Cornwallis, in 1749, Cobb is seen to be working out of Halifax. Cobb, being the enterprising man he was, bought or had built (maybe he had partners) an armed sloop, the York; he was to hire her out to the British government of Nova Scotia.3 It was at this time that Cornwallis was to describe Cobb as a man who "knows every Harbour and every creek in the Bay [of Fundy], a man fit for any bold enterprise." From the DCB we further learn that for a decade, 1749-59, "Cobb's vessel was employed in taking troops and supplies" to the various forts which during these years were constructed in Nova Scotia, including: Fort Anne (Annapolis Royal), Fort Edward (Piziquid), and Fort Lawrence4 (near Beaubassin) -- see map.

In 1753, Cobb played a role in The Settlement of Lunenburg, in that he helped in the transportation and initial protection of some 1,500 settlers that had sailed down the coast from Halifax to found the new "English" community.

In 1755, Cobb was to earn himself a bit of money with the opening of a new war with France, The Seven Years War. In April of 1755: Cobb was cruising off Cape Sable and captured and took into tow an illegal trading vessel, the Wolfe, out of Plymouth. The Wolfe was brought into Halifax where it was condemned by the Vice-Admiralty Court. From this process he was to receive in excess of £16, a sizable sum in those days. A much larger catch was to be made later in the month. On April 26th, 1755, Cobb, having returned to the Cape Sable area, caught a French vessel out of Louisbourg with war stores likely destined for Chignecto. The French vessel, Marguritte, had been holed and had put into Port LaTour for repairs. Cobb, after going for help (H.M. Vulture, Captain Kensy) captured her and, putting a prize crew aboard, brought the Marguritte into Halifax. Cobb was not happy with the court's disposition and thought that Captain Kensy was cut in for a greater share than he deserved. Each were to receive in excess of £104.5

Later, in 1755, it would appear Cobb was to be at Chignecto, seeing, likely, that there was an opportunity to swing a deal or two.6 Monckton had arrived there at the first of June with an English force of about 2,500 up from Boston to Attack Fort Beauséjour. We see where one of the officers (Jedediah Preble) who was sent out from the English camp at the western end of the isthmus to burn out the French at the eastern end (Bay Verte), was to run across Cobb. Preble was to acquaint his friend, John Winslow, with his impressions:

"Capt. Cobb lives there at the Fountaine head. He had a drove of cattle, a flock of sheep and a herd of swine among which are a swarm of suckling piggs & many old sows pregnant. So that he will be able to furnish the spit with a fine pig every day for six months ... For drink: he has three or four hundred gallons of fine claret of which I took a hardy supply and wish with all my soul you had a cask of it."7

Colonel Robert Monckton, who was in charge of the English army in the area, was not much impressed, however, with Cobb's activities. His men at Fort Gaspereau were becoming sick, and, he blamed Cobb.
"At Gaspereau they have lost several and many ill. ... They attribute it to the [recent] storm & the badness of the water. But by the accounts I have, I am afraid owning to Capt. Cobb, who, I am informed, has been dealing in rum which he got from the French houses besides many other things, some of which I hear he has sent off ..."8

In 1758, Cobb was to again be at Louisbourg during The Second Siege. Wolfe, who generally did not have too many good things to say about the colonials, was much impressed with Cobb's seamanship and bravery. In 1759, Cobb was to stick to Nova Scotia working the southeastern coasts and calling in on Lunenburg and Liverpool. Indeed, he was to settle in Liverpool and had made plans to set up an extensive land base there for himself which would have included wharfs and a store. He did, in fact, build a home there, the frame and parts of which he had brought up from New England.9

Cobb, at only 52 years of age and yet vibrant and looking to serve his king, signed up to assist in an assault upon the Spanish in Cuba (England at this point was at war with Spain as well as France). In June of 1762, a British force laid siege to Havana; and, it eventually fell and proved to be a valuable chip in the negotiations which were soon started up to end the war. Though there are no details, Cobb died during this 1762 expedition against Havana.

Lieut John Collins was the eldest son of the Rev. Nathaniel Collins. He died in the celebrated Cape Breton expedition. He [went] with a large detachment of the youth of Enfield to that gloomy northern region, a great proportion of which like himself never returned. His age was about 40 when he died. He left no sons.
[Above as to John Collins is crossed out.]

The following are the names of young men who never returned as far as collected from records & the memory of the aged.

Lieut. John Collins.
Elijah Collins [Erased].
Isaac Meacham.
James Pease.
Thomas Abbe.
Joseph Griswold [Erased].
Ebenezer Parsons son
P. Ebenezer Parsons son
C. Jonathan Bush [Erased].
Thomas Jones.
Daniel Abbe. Ebenezer Geer [Erased].
David Phelps [Erased].
Nathaniel Chapin.
Hiram Meacham [Erased].
Daniel Prior.
Jonathan Bement.

Joseph Griswold son of Roger,
Hiram Meacham son of Israel,
Elijah Collins &
Ebenezer Geer.

Rev. Nathaniel Collins was the second son of Rev. Nathaniel Collins the first Clergyman of Enfield. He was an officer in the Cape Breton expedition. He afterwards was for many years the minister of the Second Congregational Society in this town. He died in 17-- one son who settled in Enfield

In Memory of Capt. Isaac Colton, who died Jan. 23d 1757, in his 57th, year. Capt. J. Colton had a military genius, commanded a company at Louisburgh in 1745, was respected and useful at home, was a man of prayer. -Isaiah, 31:3. "For behold the Lord doth take away the Captain."

http://www.jedh.com/genealogy/d0005/g0000010.html ICHABOD CORSON , BIRTH: ABT 1725 , Christening: 07 Apr 1727, Death: Abt 1801/7

Lived on ?Salmon Falls Road, Rochester, NH, USA, at one time?. May be one list as public and civil service in Rev. War (DAR Patriot Index) as having had two other wives: 1. Mary Allen 2. Joanna Twombly. May be same as listed in NEHGR Vol. 22, p. 117. as being in Capt Peter Staple's Co. in Expedition against Louisbourg in 1745. On same listing in Vol. 15, p. 250. Shows also an Ichabod Cousins in the same expedition.

Letters from Craft to his wife about the Louisbourg expedition; a journal of the 1745 expedition.

CRAMAHÉ, HECTOR THEOPHILUS (baptized Théophile-Hector de Cramahé), army officer, civil secretary to governors James Murray, Guy Carleton*, and Frederick Haldimand, judge, lieutenant governor of the province of Quebec, and titular lieutenant governor of Detroit; b. l Oct. 1720 in Dublin (Republic of Ireland), son of Hector-François Chateigner de Cramahé et Des Rochers and Marie-Anne de Belrieux de Virazel; d. c. 9 June 1788 in England. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Sergeant Daniel CRESSEY I (Yeoman) was born on 11 Jul 1698 in Royal Side of Cape Ann (now Beverly), Essex, MA. He was cordwainer (shoemaker) and leather tanner. In 1716 he became a member of First Church of Boston. On 21 Mar 1736, he Takes out 3-year motgage on land and house in Andover from James Fry at £40 per annum for 3 years in Andover, Essex, MA. He lived on a 13 acre lot with a house and barn purchased by his father in Beverly, Essex, MA before 1737. In 1737 he moved to Andover, Essex, MA. In 1740 he moved to Methuen, Essex, MA. In this year, Daniel sold his property in Beverly and he and his wife moved to Connecticut. He purchased land and buildings in Methuen and lafter moved to NH. In 1740 he became a member of First Church of Boston. Between Mar 1741 and 7 Jun 1742, there are over a dozen court records on the matter of Daniel Cressy vs. James Fry in Salem, Rockingham, NH at the Massachusetts Archives In short, Cressey got behind in his mortgage payments but believed he had reasons that the court should consider. One issue was that he built a long stone wall on the property. Another is that he alleged that Fry beat up his wife Sarah and caused her to miscarriage. The upshot is that each of the courts (Inferior at Salem, Superior at Salem, General at Boston) rejected all of Daniel's charges and considerations and ordered him to pay Fry what was owed to him plus court fees.

He died on 1 Apr 1747 in Louisbourg, Cape Breton, Canada. While some call it an accident, others call it murder. According to Ernest Cressey, author of "Story of Your Ancestors: CRESSEY, 286 Years in America" (1935) Lieutenant Daniel Cressey of Massachusetts was part of Roger's Rangers and among the soldiers who, in 1745, attacked and defeated the French at Fort Louisbourg, Nova Scotia. "About the close of the war in 1748 [presumably in Louisbourg], he was shot and murdered for his money by an English officer from England, Leut. James Hadley [who changed his name] and fled to England." I have learned that much of Cressey's account is incorrect. Not only had Roger's Ranger's not yet formed at this time, but the actual Louisbourg Court Martial Records tell a different story. The record was hand transcribed for me by staff of the New Hampshire Historical Society. According to the record, a Lieutenant SAMUEL Hadley shot dead Sergeant Daniel Cressey of Colonel Shirley's Regiment in a duck hunting accident on 1 Apr 1747. Hadley was court martialed, but the court, after hearing witnesses, ruled the death an accident and Hadley was acquitted. But the story does not end there. Over 80 years later, a grandson of Daniel, Benjamin Cressey, wrote his opinion of what happened. He believed that Hadley shot and murdered Cressey for the considerable money that Cressey had saved to buy a farm, was falsely acquitted and fled to England.

Submitted by: Peter Blood, Urbana, MD. Researching New England and New York families including BRAY, DIBBLE, CARY/CAREY, BROWN, HALLADAY, SPENCER, WHITNEY, SPEAR, BLOOD, HERRICK, FRISBIE/FRISBEE, and TYLER.

Benjamin Crocker, whose wife, Mary, inherited the Whipple family dwelling, was a graduate of Harvard, class of 1713, a Representative to General Court in 1726, 1734 and 1736, Chaplain in the Louisbourg expedition in 1745, and teacher of the grammar schools for many years. The records of the South church show that he preached frequently, and he was so insistent on the old order that he removed his membership to the First church, because the Ruling Elders, who had been elected by the South church, were not ordained.

A daughter, Mary, was baptized Nov. 6, 1720 and a son, John, on Sept. 21, 1723 . His wife, Mary, died Oct. 25, 1734 aged 51 years, 5 days. He married the widow Experience Coolidge on May 17, 1736 , who died Nov. 4, 1759 , in her 67th year. His third wife was Elizabeth Williams of Weston, whom he married at Weston, Sept. 9, 1760 . Mary Crocker, daughter of Benjamin and Mary, married Joseph Gunnison of Kittery , Sept. 10, 1738 . Mr. Benjamin Crocker died April 9, 1767 in his seventy-fifth year. He had made and signed his will just one year before.

No mention is made of Tom and Flora, slaves of Mr. Crocker, who were married Sept. 6, 1726 . In the long interval before his death the bondmen and their families may have received their liberty or may have been freed by Death. They are the last slaves who were kept in the old mansion.

These include letters [1744-1745] from George Curwen to his wife while he was commissary for the army at the siege of Louisbourg

CUTTER, Ammi Ruhamah, physician, born in North Yarmouth, Maine, 4 March 1735; died in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 8 December 1819. His father, the first minister of that town, was chaplain of a New England regiment at the siege of Louisburg in 1745. His son was graduated at Harvard in 1752 and afterward studied medicine with Dr. Clement Jackson, of Portsmouth. He was surgeon of Colonel Robert Roger's rangers until they were disbanded, and in 1758 surgeon of the New Hampshire troops in the successful expedition against Louisburg. He was physician-general of the eastern department, stationed at Fishkill from April 1777, until the beginning of 1778, when he resumed practice at Portsmouth. He was a delegate to the New Hampshire constitutional convention, a Whig, and long president of the New Hampshire medical society.

DENISON, ROBERT, soldier, settler, member of the Nova Scotia assembly; b. 1697 in Mohegan (now Montville, Conn.), son of Robert Denison and Joanna Stanton; d. at Horton (now Hortonville, N.S.), probably in late June 1765. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/gen/scituate/rr03/rr03_149.html [Not Presently Active]

Born in 1699.120 Elisha died on 7 Dec 1759 in Wellfleet, MA.120 Religion: Elisha and Hannah were admitted to the church at Truro 6 Aug 1721. On Feb. 20, 1744-5, he was commissioned Captain of the 4th Co. 7th Mass. Regt. in the Louisbourg expedition, a regiment made up from Barnstable county under command of Col. Shubael Gorham. Captain Doane was one of the first who started for Cape Breton, and it is understood that his company saw severe service at Louisbourg and participated in the attacks on the 'Island Battery.' After the capitulation, he remained at Louisbourg on garrison duty, and it is possible that he had his family with him.

"It is claimed that his daughter, Ruth, died at Cape Breton, aged fifteen years, and his son Elisha, Jr., was there as an ensign in his father's company. On June 24, 1746, Captain Doane set forth in a petition to the General Court of Massachusetts that his company was one of the first that went down upon the expedition, that their wages were but £5 per month, that they 'lost all benefit of plunder by the capitulation' and praying therefore that the court would grant to his company their arms, swords, etc. It is reported in the History of Eastham that the Doane hero at Louisbourg underwent much suffering by captivity after the fall of the fortress, and the facts stated are largely true, but all the honor, service and hardship are ascribed to Capt. Elisha's father, Hezekiah Doane, Sen., who in 1745 was 73 years old, in fact, too far advanced in life for any military service.

"On Jan. 31, 1747, French and Indian troops from Bay Verte and Chignecto, between five and six hundred strong, arrived at Grand Pre on the Basin of Minas,and in a blinding snowstorm at 2 A.M. attacked the detachment of Mass. troops quartered there under command of Lt. Col. Noble. The surprise was a complete one and among those captured by the enemy and held as prisoners of war was our Capt. Elisha, who was taken first to Bay Verte, thence to Quebec, arriving there June 17, 1747. It is understood that he suffered 'all but death' at the hands and mercy of the French.

"While at Quebec he became surety for the redemption money of Rachel Quackinbush who had been stolen by the Indians, and purchased by the French.

"There is no doubt whatever as to the identity of the Captain Doane who figured at Louisburg and who was one of the victims of French hostility at Grand Pre. He was none other than Capt. Elisha, son of Hezekiah of Wellfleet.

"His name appears in an account, endorsed March 8, 1747-8, of money paid to Minas prisoners from Canada. Only a little can be learned of the career of Capt. or Col. Elisha Doane, but what has come down to us shows him to have been a man of great courage, daring, shrewdness and enterprise. He was well known in Barnstable County where he was a man of prominence and influence, and where he was esteemed for his intelligence, judgment, coolness and discretion in his public and private life. The church mourned him and lamented his death. I think it was he who was called 'King Doane' by the people, and doubtless the appellation was deservedly given. His sword, with his name engraved upon it, is still in possession of his descendants.

"His will, dated May 26, 1758, and proved Mar. 4, 1760, is on record at Barnstable. It was witnessed by his pastor Rev. Isaiah Lewis, Edward Bacon and David Gorham. His sons Elisha and Joseph were the executors. He shows the man in his disposition of his property.

"He died Dec. 7, 1759, and lies buried with his wife and other members of the family, in the Duck Creek burial ground, at Wellfleet. His widow died at Wellfleet, Feb. 25, 1786, at the extreme age of ninety-five years.

"The following is inscribed on his gravestone: 'Elisha Doane Esq. died December 7, 1759 ætatis suæ
60; sustained the office of a deacon near 30 years from the first gathering of the church, and after several military commissions-A Dom 1758 received a Lieutenant Colonel's commission in the army for the reduction of Canada. Pray think of me as you pass by, As you are now so once was I. But now I lie dissolved to dust,
In hopes to rise among the just.

DOUGLAS, Sir CHARLES, naval officer; m. Lydia Schimmelpinck, and they had two sons and one daughter; m. secondly Sarah Wood, and they had one son and one daughter; m. thirdly Jane Baillie; d. 16 March 1789 at Edinburgh, Scotland. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Sir Charles Douglas was born in Perthshire, Scotland around the year 1734 [Sic: his actual birthdate is 1727]. He was a midshipman at the siege of Louisbourg in 1745, promoted to Lieutenant in 1753 and to Commander in 1759. In May of 1776 he was head of a squadron which forced its way up the St. Lawrence River through thick pack ice, to relieve Quebec, which was then under siege by an American invasion force. Many of Douglastown's first settlers were at Quebec during the siege and witnessed Douglas' heroic efforts for themselves.

Douglas is probably best remembered for having been in command of Admiral Rodney's flagship HMS Formidable in the naval battle of the Saintes in 1782. He is credited with taking the decisive action that won the battle.

In 1783, Douglas was appointed cornmander-in-chief of the Nova Scotia station and remained in that command until 1786. His responsibilities included protecting the fisheries along the Gaspe coast. During the course of 1784 several letters were written between Lieutenant Governor Cox and Governor Haldimand where the name Douglas and the new towns at the mouth of the St. John river are interwoven.

DURELL, PHILIP, naval officer; b. 1707 at St Helier, Jersey, and baptized there 25 May 1707; son of John Durell, solicitor general of Jersey, and Elizabeth Corbet; m. his first cousin Madeline Saumarez, secondly a Bristol lady named Skey, thirdly the widow of Captain Wittewronge Taylor; d. 26 Aug. 1766 at Halifax, Nova Scotia, “from eating dolphins.” - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

DWIGHT, Joseph, soldier, born in Dedham, Massachusetts, 16 October 1703 ; died in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, 19 June 1765. His father, Captain Henry Dwight, of Hatfield, Massachusetts, was grandson to John Dwight, of Dedham, Massachusetts, from whom all of the names in this country are descended. Joseph was graduated at Harvard in 1722, and was a merchant in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1723'31, but removed to Brookfield, Massachusetts, and was admitted to the bar in 1733. He was eleven times a member of the colonial council between 1731 and 1751, and its speaker in 1748'9. In 1739 he was judge of the court of common pleas of Worcester County. He had become a colonel of militia, and on 20 February 1745, was made brigadier general, and was second in command at the attack on Louisburg in that year, where he led in person the "Ancient and honorable company of artillery of Boston," and was commended for his courage and skill by General Pepperell.

Jonathan Farren was on the 2nd expedition of Lovewell's War and was a "leftenant" in the 1745 assault on Fort Louisburg, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. These topics, and several others, are covered by this link list.

At the battle of Bunker Hill two companies of Chelmsford men were present, one under command of Captain John Ford, the other under Captain Benjamin Walker; and one company composed largely of Dracut men was under Captain Peter Colburn. ... Captain Ford had served previously at the siege and capture of Louisburg, in 1745 ...

b. 19 Mar. 1712 Andover, MA
m. 20 Mar. 1732 MEHITABLE POOR (b. 4 Apr. 1714 Andover, d. 4 Jan. 1788 Fryeburg, ME)
d. 25 July 1794 Fryeburg, Maine
bur. Pine Grove Cemetery

Most of the information on Joseph is from the thesis "Major General Joseph Frye of Maine" by Kenneth E. Thompson of Portland.

As a younger member of a large family Joseph did not inherit a large portion of his father's estate and consequently he became a surveyor. He built his house on part of his father's land and praticed his trade in Andover.

In 1738 the Great Throat Distemper struck the Frye family killing all of their children. Over the course of this epidemic of diptheria or scarlet fever 5,000 children and young adults died in New England with 1,400 deaths in Essex Co. alone.(1)

In 1744 the War of the Austrian Succession finally dragged England and France into conflict. This war was known as King George's War in the Colonies and the prime threat in the area was from the French stronghold at Louisbourg. In 1745 Gov. William Shirley of Massachusetts pushed for an attack on the fortress. The General Court agreed and enlisted 3,000 men. On 7 Feb. 1745 Joseph was commissioned an ensign in Col. Robert Hale's 5th Massachusetts Regiment in the 5th Co. commanded by Capt. Jonathan Bagley with Lieut. Caleb Swan.(2)

The soldiers were put on board the transports in Boston in Mar. awaiting departure. On 22 Mar. Col. Hale ordered his regiment ashore and "Drawed up in a Battalion & Exercised till about 2 in the afternoon"(3) Then the men "Returned on Bord to be Refrest & Rest our weary Bodeys."(4) The expedition left on the 24th and arrived at the Sheepscot River in Maine on the 26th. They stayed there until a favorable wind arrived on the 29th but encountered more stormy weather. The ships "Lay Rowling in ye Seas with our Sails Furl'd with Prodigious wave."(5) Major Seth Pomeroy stated: "All yt I Took To Eat or Drink vomit up again Sick Day & night So bad yt I have not words To Set it Forth, nor Can I give any Body an Idea of it yt hath not Felt ye Same or Some thinge like it..."(6)

The ships arrived at Canso, NS during the first eleven days of April with Commodore Warren arriving from the West Indies on the 23rd.(7) The expedition sailed from Canso on the 29th and arrived at Gabarus Bay near Louisbourg the next day.(8)

The troops landed and met only minor resistance from the French. Hale's regiment set up camp at Green Hill to protect several artillery batteries set up in the area before finally moving to the fifth battery known as Titcomb's battery. The French had not finished the land defenses as they did not expect a siege from this direction due to the terrain. Besides this error the French garrison had mutineed the previous fall and was too small to withstand a prolonged siege. On 1 May the French foolishly abandoned the Grand Battery after trying to destroy the cannon which the provincials easily repaired and turned towards the city. The next battery was constructed on Green Hill, 1500 yards from the city but, this was too far for their artillery and another battery was constructed 900 yards from the fort on Rabasse Heights on 10 May. On 16 May another battery was built only 440 yards from the West Gate. Another stoke of luck at this time was the discovery of 23 cannon in the harbor which had been left there years before. The next day the Advanced Battery was constructed 230 yards from the West Gate and with the large guns from the Grand Battery succeeded in penetrating the West Gate and the adjoining wall. Commodore Warren captured the Vigilant with her 64 guns, 500 man crew and provisions for the city thus sealing the city's fate. Hale's regiment then built Titcomb's Battery 800 yards from the West Gate and on 4 June this battery fired red-hot shot into the city setting fire to many buildings. Col. Hale's troops then moved closer to Titcomb's Battery: "Our men finished our Camp, fenced in the Colls Garden, and our men Brought Garden Roots from the gardens Below and set out the Colls garden."(9) [Benjamin Cleaves' Journal of the Expedition to Louisbourg, 1745- NEHGR, LXVI, p.121]

Further warships arrived and a combined land/sea assault was planned for the 16th but, the French seeing the hopeless situation surrendered on the 15th. On the 17th: "our Army Marcht To ye Citty the Colours were flying the Drums Beating Trumpets Sounding Flutes & Vials Playing Colo Bradstreet att ye Head of the Army The Genl Lt Genl and Gentry in ye Rear."(10)

During the first of July the French were placed on transports and sent home as were many of the Provincials.

On 7 Aug. Lieut. Col. Eveleth left Louisbourg for the garrison at Canso, Joseph probably was among these men. Conditions here were primitive at best. Eveleth wrote to Pepperrell on 9 Sept. that: "we are the greatest part of us in health but hope you will now Release the men they have not cloaths to ware sum of them have not a Shoe nor Stocking to ware & Few provisions we have not any bread & no rum but we hope for relief soon."(11) Three days later he wrote that: "at present there is not Barracks suitable for men to Lodge in- the rain beats in so that we can Scarcely keep the Ammunition dry there must be Boards & Shingles & a prety deal of work done if men Live here the Winter... We have here Eleven Barrels of Burlington Pork in the Store. We opened one Barrel but it was such that no body would touch it..."(12) The troops here stayed until the late fall, Joseph being one of those who left at that time.

On 14 June 1746 Joseph was commissioned a lieut. in Maj. Titcomb's company in Brigadier Gen. Waldo's new regiment.(13) Many men were sent to Crown Point, NY to capture the French Fort there. Joseph remained in Boston at this time awaiting his assignment. Things had gone badly for the English in Nova Scotia and the expedition to Crown Point was postponed. The threat of invasion became greater and Joseph was sent to Falmouth, ME to pursue the marauding Indians and stayed there until the fall of 1747.
Ref:

(1) True History of the Terrible Epidemic Vulgarly Called the Throat Distemper- Ernest Caulfield, Yale Journal of Biology & Medicine, Vol.XI, pp.67,103
(2) Louisbourg Soldiers- Charles Hudson, NEHGR, XXIV, pp.368-78
(3) Benjamin Cleaves' Journal of the Expedition to Louisbourg, 1745- NEHGR, LXVI, p.114
(4) Journal Kept by Lieutenant Daniel Giddings- Essex Institute Collections, LXVIII, p.294
(5) The Journals and Papers of Seth Pomeroy- Louis E. de Forest, p.15
(6) Ibid
(7) Ibid-pp.8,16,19
(8) Ibid- p.20
(9) Benjamin Cleaves' Journal of the Expedition to Louisbourg, 1745- NEHGR, LXVI, p.121
(10) Diary Kept by Lieut. Dudley Bradstreet- Samuel A. Green, p.21
(11) Pepperrell Papers- Mass. Hist. Soc., Vol.I, p.295
(12) letter from Eveleth to Pepperrell, Belknap Collection, MSS at Mass. Hist. Soc., B, p.167

[See also: http://imaginemaine.com/Features/Archives/Frye.html - For the times, a very ordinary life. Then, in 1745, King George's War began and New England acted to end economic competition with the French by attacking Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia. Participation in the siege and defeat of the French stronghold marked a sea change in the life of 33-year old Frye who enlisted in Hale's Fifth Massachusetts as an ensign. Apparently he found military life more exciting than Andover. The following year found Frye serving in Falmouth, Maine this time as a lieutenant. From 1747 to late 1749 when the war ended, he was captain of a company posted in Scarborough ... Of the remaining sixty fourth parts, Frye kept eight parts for himself, and one each for his son Joseph Jr., his nephew Simon Frye, and his niece's husband Caleb Swan who had served with him at Louisbourg. Fore a price of twenty pounds sterling, each of the remaining 49 parts went to 39 non-family members, many of whom had some military connection to Frye. ]

GEORGE, son of Nathaniel, of Beverly, was in the Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Expedition, 1758.

freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~raymondfamily/GenealogiesRaymondFamiliesNewEngland/ RFNEmawarrecords.html

GERRISH, JOSEPH, merchant, army officer, and office-holder; b. 29 Sept. 1709 in Boston, Massachusetts, third son of John Gerrish and Sarah Hobbes (Hobbs); d. 3 June 1774 in Halifax, Nova Scotia. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

GLASIER (Glasior, Glazier), BEAMSLEY (Belnsley, Bensley) PERKINS, army officer, land agent, and office-holder; baptized 4 July 1714 at Ipswich, Massachusetts, the son of Stephen Glasier and Sarah Eveleth; m. 17 April 1739 Mrs Ann Stevens at Newbury, Massachusetts, and they had one son and one daughter; d. August 1784 aboard the Nancy en route from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to England. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

ISAAC GLEASON was born May 17, 1706 in Sherborn, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts, and died Abt. 1777 in Petersham, Massachusetts. He married THANKFUL WILSON December 09, 1725 in Framingham, Middlesex, Massachusetts, daughter of NATHANIEL WILSON. Isaac was a soldier in the Crown Point Expedition from March 27, 1755 - January 3, 1760 as a sergeant. He was also in the Louisburg Expedtion and against Ft. Ticonderoga (1758) and Ft. Duquesne. Isaac lived south of Paule W. Gibb's place in Framingham, Mass. He removed to Petersham after 1752. Lived near Southborough bounds of Framingham Inscription on Thankful's tombstone in Lord Cemetery reads "Thankful, relict of Isaac Gleason d Dec 12 1800 ae 94 - The no. of ch, grand ch & great-grand ch " (The History & Genealogy of Westmoreland NH, page 427)

GORHAM (Goreham, Gorum), JOHN, merchant, military officer, member of the Nova Scotia Council; b. 12 Dec. 1709 (o.s.) in Barnstable, Massachusetts, son of Colonel Shobol (Shubaie) Gorham and Mary Thacter; m. Elizabeth Allyn (Allen) 9 March 1731/32 and had 15 children; d. in London, December 1751. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Born at Barnstable, Mass., on December 12, 1709, John Gorham began working on ships operating out of the port before he had turned twenty, trading at various ports in Canada, and he was occasionally involved in land speculation in Nova Scotia and Maine. Following the family pattern, however, he entered into military service before 1741. At the outbreak of King George's War in 1744, Gorham organized a group of about 50 Rangers in New England that was sent to reinforce the garrison at Annapolis Royal, N.S. Gorham's Rangers, mostly Mohawks or persons of mixed-blood, were a highly successful free-ranging unit that employed "unorthodox" tactics -- i.e., those not commonly employed by British regulars -- including the applied use of terror. Their arrival at Annapolis Royal shifted the military balance in favor of the English, and for this, Gorham received wide recognition. His Rangers rapidly gained a fearsome reputation among the French and indigenous populations. Early in 1745, Gorham returned to Massachusetts to recruit additional Rangers, and was persuaded by Governor Shirley and William Pepperell to join the expedition against Louisburg and Ile Royale. At their request, Gorham accepted a commission as Lt. Col. of the 7th Massachusetts Regiment commanded by his father. John Gorham organized the landing at Gabarus Bay on April 30, 1745 and, along with Lt. Col. Arthur Noble, led the failed assault on the Island Battery on 23 May. With his father's death on February 20, 1745/46, he was promoted to Colonel of the 7th Massachusetts and remained in effective command of New England forces at Louisburg until April 1746.

The Louisburg victory, however, did not prove as beneficial as Gorham had wished. First, rivalries with other officers cost him the opportunity to deliver news of the victory personally to George II, effectively denying him a measure of recognition and monetary reward; second, his troops were not allowed to plunder the area around Louisburg as they had been promised, depriving him of a large, and fully expected source of compensation. Finally, Gorham and his troops never received any direct compensation from the crown for their services. The lack of financial support from the British government became an issue that occupied much of Gorham's time and energy during the last five years of his life.

Throughout the remainder of 1746 and 1747, Gorham and his Rangers enhanced their reputation as being "far more terrible than European soldiers," and came to be viewed as the most effective fighting unit in the Province. It was said that their reputation was such that neither French nor Indians would meet with them, and the arrival of Gorham's Rangers was usually sufficient cause for attacking parties to disperse.

After the defeat of Arthur Noble by French forces at Grand Pré, January 1747, Gorham returned to New England and received permission to form a much larger company of Rangers (about 100 men). With the support of the Duke of Newcastle and George II in England (gathered on a brief trip to London), and of Paul Mascarene and Gov. Shirley in the colonies, the defense of the entire province of Nova Scotia fell de facto into Gorham's hands. Following the peace treaty with France, the Rangers continued to play a vital role in furthering British interests in Nova Scotia. In 1748, Mascarene order Gorham to subdue French settlers along the disputed St. John River and to impose the Oath of Allegiance. In addition, he helped to establish Fort Sackville as a means of protecting the newly founded Halifax, and his Rangers were often involved in quelling disturbances of the Micmac and St. John Indians.

Gorham's career reached its apex in July 1749 when he was appointed to the Nova Scotia Council, on which he served until August 1751. But beginning with the appointment of Edward Cornwallis as Governor in July 1749, his fortunes began to decline. Cornwallis and Gorham shared a mutual antipathy perhaps stemming from Cornwallis' feeling that Gorham had already received adequate compensation for his efforts and that the constant requests for additional payment were exorbitant.

In 1751, Gorham traveled to England in an attempt to satisfy his financial claims. He died of smallpox in London in 1751.

John Gorham Papers - the ill-fated expedition to Quebec in 1690; and his father, Shubael, became Colonel of the 7th Massachusetts Regiment during the Louisburg expedition of 1745. ... www.clements.umich.edu/Webguides/G/Gorham.html

Shubael was a soldier in the Louisburg Expedition in 1745, a 'Captain in Lumbard's Co., Seventh Mass. Col. Shubael Gorham,' according to Mr. Claghorn. The New England colonists had been growing more and more worried about the huge French fortifications being built at Louisburg and thought they would be much safer if the British controlled the whole coast. Therefore they raised a force of farmers, fishermen, craftsmen and laborers and set off for what is now Nova Scotia. They were joined by some British ships. After a siege of 49 days the great fortress surrendered, only to be returned to France under the Treaty of Aix-la-Chappelle in 1748. Then followed the establishment of Halifax (1749), the expulsion of the Acadians (1755) and the recapture and destruction of Louisburg (1758). At some time, whether before or after his marriage I don't know, Shubael moved from Barnstable to Chilmark" (Bonnie Hubbard)

Noah Graves, b. 21 Oct. 1726, never married, d. 1745. He was in the 8th Regt., Col. Williams' Expedition to Louisburg, Cape Breton, and was either killed in the siege or died of the disease which swept away so many in the expedition

GREEN, BARTHOLOMEW, printer; b. 1699 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, son of Bartholomew Green, printer of the Boston News-Letter, and Maria (Mary) Mather; m. Hannah Hammond, 19 Nov. 1724, by whom he had five children; d. 29 Oct. 1751 at Halifax, Nova Scotia. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

GREEN, BENJAMIN, merchant and officeholder; b. 1 July 1713 at Salem Village (Danvers, Mass.), the son of Reverend Joseph Green and Elizabeth Gerrish; m. November 1737 Margaret Pierce, and they had at least three sons and two daughters; d. 14 Oct. 1772 at Halifax, Nova Scotia - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Halifax County, Nova Scotia, Hewitt Histories, Article No. 17[18]
Dartmouth Patriot, 31 August 1901 Edition History of Eastern Passage

Prominent Persons to Whom Land Was Granted Whose Names Are Familiar to All.
(Series of Articles by H.W. Hewitt)

Hon. Benjamin Green's grant ran along the beach for 115 rods, on Hon. Charles Morris' grant 297 rods, on rear base line 115 rods and 340 rods on Hon. Richard Bulkeley's grant. It consisted of 200 acres.

Hon Benjamin Green was born in the state of Massachusetts in 1713. His father was a minister. Mr. Green was a merchant for a time in Boston. In 1745 he accompanied Pepperel as Secretary on his expedition to Louisburg. He continued to hold the office of Secretary after the capture of Louisburg. That his services were appreciated is evident from the following letter written by Pepperel to Governor Shirley of Massachusetts.

"Mr. Green, whom you were pleased to appoint Secretary in this expedition, it would be a pleasure to me if you would be pleased to mention him at home to be continued Secretary, if his majesty should be pleased to make this place a Government."

After the restoration of Louisburg to the French Mr. Green and his family removed to Halifax. July 12, 1749, Col. Mascarene, the late President of the Council, arrived at Halifax, or Chebucto as it was then called, with five members of the Council. The next day Governor Cornwallis took the oaths of office and on the 14th he appointed a new Council of five, one of whom was Benjamin Green. A few months after he was appointed Treasurer. Governor Cornwallis at that time commended his method and propriety. He said Green was the only person he had for business.

On November 15, 1750, Benjamin Green was sworn into office as clerk or Secretary of H.M. Council.

On the death of Governor Wilmot in 1766 Mr. Green was elected for the time being to the high position of Governor and Commander-in-Chief. In 1771 he was again Governor for a short time. He held other important offices at various times being Judge of the Court of Vice Admiralty, etc. His death occurred in 1772. His son Benjamin succeeded him as Treasurer of the Province. His second son became Sheriff of Halifax. Benjamin Green, Jr. was one of the twenty original grantees of Lawrencetown. He died in 1793 leaving a family of 12 children. Four of these settled at Lawrencetown. Susan one of the four married Capt. Smith Parker of the 64th Regt. Capt. Parker settled at Lawrencetown after his marriage. Their son Capt. William Parker was killed at the siege of Sebastopol in 1855. The Parker-Welsford monument in Halifax will ever keep his memory alive. The other daughter Elizabeth, married Lieut. William Stawell. Wenman Stawell, well known to everyone at Eastern Passage died last year. His son Henry lives at Halifax. I should have mentioned that Green Bay or Cole Harbour Bay received its name from Benjamin Green, Jr.

The compiler gratefully acknowledges the following information from an article by Donald F. Chard, published in the "Dictionary of Canadian Biography", Volume 4 pp 312-313.

"Hon Benjamin Green was born and raised in Salem Village Massachusetts. He was a merchant in Boston for a time, in partnership with his brothers Joseph and John. During his time in Boston he was twice elected Constable. On 1 March 1745 he was appointed Secretary to William Pepperel, Commander of the expedition being launched against the French at Fortress Louisbourg (in what is now Cape Bretton Nova Scotia). After the surrender of the fortress, he assumed the additional role of Treasurer of New England Forces. In 1746 he assumed the title of Commisary. That his services were appreciated is evident from the following letter written by Pepperel to Governor Shirley of Massachusetts.

"After the restoration of Louisburg to the French, Green and his family removed to Halifax. July 12, 1749, Col. Mascarene, the late President of the Council, arrived at Halifax, or Chebucto as it was then called.. The next day Edward Cornwallis took the oath of the office of office as the first Governor of the Province of Nova Scotia and on the 14th he appointed a Governor's Council consisting of five men, one of whom was Benjamin Green. A few months after he was appointed Treasurer, and soon after that, Naval Officer for the Town of Halifax and Judge of the Vice Admiralty Court. Governor Cornwallis commended his method and propriety, and said Green was the only person he had for business. As we shall see, Green' talent for business would eventually contribute to his downfall.

"In 1752 he resigned his position as Secretary declaring that it was a full time position that required more time than he could spare with his other duties. The following year, he resigned his position as Judge for the Vice Admiralty Court because of an apparent conflict of interest with his position as Naval Officer. He chose to maintain the latter office because of his need for its "certain income" In 1758, as Senior Councillor, he unsuccessfully contested with Chief Justice Jonathan Belcher the right to administer the government of the province in the absence of the governor and lieutenant-governor. In 1760 he was appointed Justice of the Peace in Halifax.

"Late in 1760, Hon. Benjamin Green went to England to assist in the review of un-audited accounts of former governor Perregrine Thomas Hopson. The London Board of Trade asked him to explain charges of misconduct made by Robert Sanderson, first Speaker of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly, that Green had given contracts in return for a share of the profits. Green admitted to this, but denied ever having misused his office as Council member. The board found Green "Highly blamable" but only reprimanded him due to his outstanding career record. He continued in his offices when he returned to Halifax in 1763.

"In 1761 Green mortgaged much of his holdings in Nova Scotia, including four large warehouses, to two London merchants for six thousand pounds. In 1762 he experienced financial difficulties partly because the authorities in London refused to reimburse him his expenses until the Treasury had approved the auditor's report of Hopson's accounts. He satisfied the claims against him in November 1765, though the exact nature of the settlement is unclear. However, at least some of Green's land in Nova Scotia was surrendered as part of the settlement.

"In 1764, upon the reduction of his salary as Provincial Treasurer, Green expressed doubt that the income from his offices would be sufficient to support his family. Nevertheless, he remained on the Council and in 1766, on the death of Governor Montague Wilmot, he became the Administrator for Nova Scotia until the next Governor, Michael Francklin, received his Royal commission as Lieutenant Governor. During this three month period, the Assembly attacked Green for failing to follow proper procedures in handling the Province's finances.

"In December 1767 Benjamin Green wrote his will, admitting himself "something infirm". Two months later he resigned as provincial treasurer, but in October 1771 he again assumed administration of the province again on the departure of Governor Lord William Campbell. His illness made his duties difficult and in March 1772 he asked to resign his post as Naval Officer because his health was "very much impair'd". In June, Francklin reported that Green was too unwell to transact business and might never again attend Council meetings. He died four months later.

"In 1775, the Council initiated an audit of Green's accounts. Green's son Benjamin, who had succeeded him as Treasurer, placed many obstacles in the way of the auditors. After initially denying ever seeing any of his father's records, he eventually admitted that he had "worked hard for two days on his father's records with Francklin's assistance and direction". The auditors finally reconstructed the missing records and, though providing Green the benefit of the doubt wherever they could, still found his accounts deficient by some seven thousand Pounds."

Hon. Benjamin Green was one of the original trustees of St Paul's Church in Halifax, before its incorporation in 1759. He was a Church Warden in 1769.

SOME DESCENDANTS OF BENJAMIN GREEN SR. (1713-1772) AND MARGARET PEIRCE (1714-1764)

Benjamin Green born 1 Jul 1713, Salem Village, Mass., (son of Joseph Green and Elizabeth Gerrish) married 24 Nov 1737, Margaret Peirce, born 25 Jun 1714, Portsmouth, NH,[1] (daughter of Joshua Peirce and Elizabeth Hall) died 9 Jun 1764, Halifax, NS.1 Benjamin died 13 Oct 1772, Halifax, Nova Scotia,[2] buried St.Paul's, Halifax, N.S. Benjamin Green Sr. was a graduate of Harvard College in Cambridge, MA and received training in business under his elder brother Joseph who was a prominent merchant in Boston. He was later in business with his brother John who died about 1743 on his passage to Bengal, India. Having been appointed Secretary to the Committee of War and also to the New England expedition to Cape Breton (Isle Royal), NS to capture Louisbourg from the French, he accompanied the expedition under General (afterwards Sir William) Pepperell to Cape Breton in 1745 as Secretary with military rank. After the capture of the Louisbourg fortress and the defeat of the French, Benjamin Green remained there as Secretary of Cape Breton Island. He also served as Treasurer, Naval Officer Paymaster of the Ordinance and Regiment Commissary of Stores and Provisions of Sir William Pepperell's Regiment and Register of the Court of Admiralty by special Commission from King George the Second. When Cape Breton was restored to the French in 1749, Benjamin Green Sr. moved to Halifax with his family and took up residence with the first settlers of this city. Americans were furious when they heard that their sacrifices in taking Louisbourg had been in vain. Hastily His Majesty's Government were seeking to make amends by refunding the cost of the Louisbourg expedition to the colonies and decided to build a fortress on the harbor of Chebucto. The plan for the new settlement was drawn up by the Board of Trade and Plantations, whose President, Lord Halifax, submitted it to the government in the autumn of 1748. Colonel The Hon.Edward Cornwallis was subsequently given command of an expedition to establish a settlement and a fortress at Chebucto, as Halifax harbor was then called. Fourteen vessels left London, England in May 1749, and Cornwallis entered the harbor on June 21 on board the sloop of war "Sphinx". Cornwallis sent to Annapolis for the acting governor, Paul Mascarene, who arrived with his staff in Chebucto on July 12. On the following day Cornwallis opened his commission as Governor and Captain-General of Nova Scotia, and in their presence took the oath of office. On July 14th he organized a civil government with Mascarene, Captain Edward How, Captain John Gorham and the civilians Benjamin Green Sr., John Salisbury and Hugh Davidson sworn in as councillors. They held their first meeting in the great cabin of the Beaufort transport, sitting about an oaken table which is still to be seen in the Province House, Halifax. The formation of the Board was announced to the people by a general salute from the ships in the harbor and the day was devoted to festivity and amusement (Raddal). Benjamin Green was appointed to a number of other positions in the following years, such as Naval Officer, Treasurer of the Parliamentary Grants, Provincial Treasurer and Paymaster of the Bounties, Judge of the Supreme Court of Chancery and Appeals, Chancellor of the provincial Duty Fund, First Commissionar carrying on the public works at Halifax by Act of the General Assembly and one of his Majesty's Council from the first settlement of the colony, of which for many years he remained Senior Councillor.In 1757 he was appointed Military Secretary to the Commander in Chief of his Majesty's Forces and Colonel of the Militia of Nova Scotia. On two occasions he temporarily served as President of the Council and Commander in Chief of his Majesty's Province of Nova Scotia. After a visit to England, he received an enumeration of 500 pounds sterling for his extra special service to the Gouvernment. (Francis Green). Green was accused of having given the Halifax merchant Malachy Salter government contracts in return for a share in the profits and he was given a reprimand. After his death the Council initiated an audit of Green's accounts and found a deficit of almost 7000 pounds that could not be explained. In a census take in 1752 of "The families of English, Swiss etc. which have been settled in Nova Scotia since the year 1749, and who are now settlers in the place hereafter mentioned", we see that Benjamin Green & family, a total of nine people, lived "inside the pickets of Halifax. (Akins)" On December 6th, 1767 Green made his will, admitting himself "Something Infirm". Two months later he resigned as Provincial Treasurer, but in October 1771 he assumed the administration of the province again on the departure of Governor Lord William Campbell.His health continued to deteriorate, and he died on Oct. 14, 1772.His will was proved on 21 April 1773 and mentions his wife Margaret and his children. The City of Halifax has honored Benjamin Green Sr. by naming Green Street in the South End after him. Margaret: Name also spelled Pierce.

Benjamin Green was born at Danvers, Massachusetts, the youngest son of Rev. Joseph Green (Harvard grad, 1695) and Elizabeth Gerrish (Joseph Gerrish's daughter).

"He was brought up as a merchant under his elder brother, Joseph, in Boston. In November, 1737, he married the daughter of the Hon. Joseph Pierce, of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. He accompanied General Pepperrell to Louisbourg in 1745, as secretary to the expedition, and after the capture of that place by the provincial army, remained there as government secretary and manager of the finances, until Cape Breton was restored to the French, when he removed with his family to Halifax, and was appointed one of Governor Cornwallis' Council. He was afterwards treasurer of the province and for the first 15 years of the settlement occupied several other prominent offices."1
Green draws our interest because he was sitting on Council when the fateful decision was made under the leadership of Governor Lawrence to deport the Acadians in the year 1755.

[1] "The First Council" NSHS#2 (1879-80) p. 28. He was: Secretary to Council at Halifax from 1750 to 1772; treasurer at Halifax, 1750-68; Judge of the Admiralty Court at Halifax, 1750-6. ("Biographical Directory" as contained in The Royal Navy and North America (London: Navy Records Society, Vol. 118, 1973) at p.430.

GREEN, BENJAMIN, merchant and officeholder; b. 1 July 1713 at Salem Village (Danvers, Mass.), the son of Reverend Joseph Green and Elizabeth Gerrish; m. November 1737 Margaret Pierce, and they had at least three sons and two daughters; d. 14 Oct. 1772 at Halifax, Nova Scotia. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Francis Green (1.Benjamin1) born 21 Aug 1742, Boston, Mass, married (1) 18 Oct 1769, in Boston, Mass., Susanna Green, born 26 Jul 1744, Boston, Mass., (daughter of Joseph Green and Anna Peirce) died 10 Nov 1775, Boston, Mass., married (2) 17 May 1785, in St.Paul's, Halifax, N.S.,[7] Harriet Mathews, (daughter of David Mathews and Sarah Seymour). Francis died 21 Apr 1809, Medford, Mass. [8] Francis Green came to Halifax with his parents in 1749. He entered Harvard College, Cambridge in 1756, but since his father had accepted an Ensigns Commission for him in the 40th. Regiment from his friend General Lawrence, he had to report to his regiment in Halifax in 1757 when war with France had broken out. He participated in the siege of Louisbourg in 1758 and later joined General Murray's army at Quebec. In 1761 the regiment made its way to Staten Island, NY and later that year embarked for Barbados. After participating in battles on the islands of Martinique and St. Lucia, the regiment later defeated the Spanish and captured Cuba. Having "served with credit-but-very-little-promotion" (F.Green 1806), Francis Green sold out of the army in 1766 and returned to Boston as a businessman. On October 10, 1769 he married his cousin Susanna "Sukie" Green, daughter of his uncle Joseph Green Esq., by whom he had five children. Three of these died in infancy. His wife Susanna died "of a puerperile fever" (childbed fever) on November 10, 1775. On the evacuation of Boston in March 1776 he went with his three children to Halifax where he received a commission as a magistrate. In 1777 he went to New York where he had a serious business setback in that five ships (privateers) he owned or had an interest in were lost. He also met with personal tragedy in that his youngest son, Francis Erasmus, nearly four years old, died after his clothes caught on fire. Francis Green went to England in 1780 where he remained for several years. His son Charles had been diagnosed as being deaf and Francis enrolled him at Braidwood's Academy for the deaf and dumb in Edinburgh. Charles remained there for six years and acquired the faculty of speech and a good general education. Francis took a great interest in the training of the deaf and he wrote articles and books on the subject to promote similar instruction in New England after he finally settled there. After the general peace and the acknowledgement of the independence of the American colonies, Francis Green returned from Great Britain in June 1784 to Halifax, NS. In November he was offered the office of High Sherriff which he held for three years. On May 19, 1785 he married Harriet Mathews in Halifax. She was the daughter of the Hon. David Mathews, Mayor of New York before acknowledgement of independence and later President of the Council and Commander in Chief of the Island of Cape Breton. Francis and his wife moved to his farm in Cole Harbour, and later to his other farm at Preston (now Westphal) where he built and improved. After his brother Benjamin Green Jr. died in December 1793, he held for a time the position of Provincial Treasurer. Francis was also appointed a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; a position carrying no salary. In 1796 the Commissioners of Maroons from Jamaica arrived at Halifax with 600 blacks and purchased Francis Green's lands at Preston, Cole Harbour and Dartmouth to make a settlement for them. His house in Dartmouth was located downtown on the site of Fairley & Stevens automobile dealership "and had many fireplaces"(Martin). The nearby Green Street in Dartmouth is named after Francis Green. Since he did not have adequate income from the fees he received as a judge, he moved with his family to Medford near Boston in 1797. He there wrote (1806) "Genealogical and Biographical Anectodes deduced from the first American Generation for his children's information." He died in Medford in 1809. Harriet: Harriet's father, David Mathews had been Mayor of New York City from 1776 to 1783. In 1779 his property was confiscated by the New York Congress, and he left New York for Nova Scotia in 1783. He became Attorney General and member of the Council in the Colony of Cape Breton where he remained until he died in July 1800. Harriet moved to Charlestown, New Hampshire from Medford, M

GRIDLEY, RICHARD, army officer, military engineer, and entrepreneur; b. 3 Jan. 1710/11 in Boston, Massachusetts, son of Richard and Rebecca Gridley; m. 25 Feb. 1730/31 Hannah Deming in Boston, and they had nine children; m. secondly 21 Oct. 1751 Sarah Blake in Boston; d. 21 June 1796 in Stoughton, Mass. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

HALE, John, clergyman, born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, 3 June, 1636; died 15 May, 1700. He was graduated at Harvard in 1657. In 1664 he went to Beverly as a religious teacher, and on 20 September, 1667, was ordained pastor of the newly organized church at that place--a charge which he retained till his death. He was chaplain in the expedition to Canada in 1690, and in 1734 his services were rewarded by a grant of three hundred acres of land to his heirs by the general court. During the Salem witchcraft trials in 1692, Mr. Hale attended the examinations of the accused persons, and approved of the judicial murders resulting from the charges. He afterward published "A Modest Inquiry into the Nature of Witchcraft" (1697), which indicated a change of opinion relative to the justice of the executions. His only other publication was an "election sermon" of nearly two hundred pages (1684).--His grandson, Robert, physician, born in Beverly, Massachusetts, 12 February, 1703; died 20 March, 1767, was graduated at Harvard in 1721, and subsequently practised as a physician in his native town. He commanded a regiment under Sir William Pepperell at the capture of Louisburg in 1745, in 1747 was appointed by the legislature of Massachusetts a commissioner to New York to adopt measures for the general defence, and in 1755 was a commissioner to New Hampshire to concert an expedition against the French. He was appointed sheriff of Essex county, Massachusetts, in 1761, and was for thirteen years a member of the legislature.--

HALE, ROBERT, doctor, politician, military officer; b. 12 Feb. 1702 (o.s.) in Beverly, Massachusetts, son of Dr Robert Hale and Elizabeth Clark; d. 20 March 1767 in Beverly. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

On 24 Jul 1760 when Moses was 22, he married Nancy HUGHES, F, daughter of John HUGHES, M & Jane TALBOT, F, in Yarmouth, Barnstable Co., ME.3 Born on 2 Feb 1738 in Duxbury, Plymouth, Massachusetts. Nancy died in Freeport, Bristol Co., Massachusetts on 27 Sep 1812, she was 74.3

3Her father was a victualler in Boston and died, probably, in the Louisburg expedition, before Dec., 1745. The widowed mother removed to Freeport, Maine, with the Talbot family and the little daughter came to be known as "Nancy" and was married by that name. These particulars were found by Dr. C. E. Banks through the accounts of an early shoemaker in Freeport who made the footwear for the little girl and charged the cost to her mother, who was married again. Moses Soule was for many years a deacon in the Freeport church. He was the ancestor of a race of great scholars and teachers. Nancy Hughes was of Irish descent. She died Sept. 27, 1812.

JONATHAN, of ----, was in Capt. Thomas Pike's command in the 8th Massachusetts Regiment, in the Louisburg Expedition of 1745.

freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~raymondfamily/GenealogiesRaymondFamiliesNewEngland/ RFNEmawarrecords.html

JOSEPH, of Beverly, enlisted in 1744 as drummer in Capt. Ives' Co. for the Louisburg Expedition.

freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~raymondfamily/GenealogiesRaymondFamiliesNewEngland/ RFNEmawarrecords.html

Philip Judd (Johnathan 5, Benjamin 4, Thomas Thomas 3, William 2, Thomas 1) was born December 31, 1715. Philip died 1745-1746 in Cape Breton Expedition.

He married Mary Peters January 17, 1764. Mary was born in Hebron September 29, 1744. She was the daughter of William Peters and Ruth Chapwell. Mary died January 20, 1838 in Maple Grove Cemetary, Bethany Center, Ny, at 93 years of age. Sergeant Philip Judd was in a Cape Breton expidition in June 1745 and kept an extensive journal from New London to Cape Breton, this journal was in the Library of the Connecticut Historical Society in 1850. Philip had a wife and probally had children but none could be listed even in the records of 1850. The only hint as to a wifes name is the records in Hebron (which is a city that Philip may have lived in at one time) shows a marriage of a Philip Judd to a Mary Peters on Jan 17 1764. This record is assumed to be correct and will be installed here in this family tree. To create further difficulty in the records of any Philip Judds around this time it is now known that this Philip Judd is the Philip who, while in the Cape Breton Expedition may have been captured, put on a ship and sent off to see with other prisoners of the war. The fate of the people in that ship is not known, Philip and the others "disappeared". Confusion eminates from almost all the Philip Judds of this Family Tree because of many other reasons besides this Philips disappearence, there is also the fact that some of the Philip Judds were either born or lived in Danbury, Conn before the Revolution. The records of Danbury were burnt in a fire when that town was destroyed by the British in the Revolution, thus making it very difficult to find the correct Philip Judd and the descendants of the correct one, extensive measures have been taken to get the information correct, however, sometimes things needed to be assumed and/or logically entered according to the only known facts. Like a Jigsaw Puzzle of Facts, they were placed in this family tree as best as they could fit, unfortunately this puzzle has many missing pieces making the picture one that is hard to see.

Benjamin Knowlton (45); born 9 Dec 1679 in Springfield, MA;136 married Elizabeth Phelps 27 May 1708;137 died 1745 in Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, Canada, at the Siege of Louisburg

LAWRENCE, CHARLES, military officer, governor of Nova Scotia; b. c. 1709 in England, son of Herbert Lawrence; d. Halifax, Nova Scotia, 19 Oct. 1760. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Register Report ... of many parcels of land-solely and jointly. James was in the Louisburg Expedition as was his son James, Jr. Source: Birth: Littlefield Family Newsletter Vol. 2 ...

James LITTLEFIELD. Born abt 1706. At the age of 4, James was baptized in Wells, ME on 6 Aug 1710. James died abt 1780, he was 74.

(From the Littlefield Family Newsletter, Vol. 2, #1, p.3): He was called "Captain" and "Gentleman" in probate records. Administration on his estate to son Obediah 3 Nov 1780. Probate 13:392. His estate included a silver tankard-partial ownership in 3 mills; was owner of many parcels of land-solely and jointly. James was in the Louisburg Expedition as was his son James, Jr.

Source: Birth: Littlefield Family Newsletter Vol. 2, #1; p.3
Baptism: Noyes, Libby & Davis; Genealogical Dictionary of Maine and New Hampshire; p.437
Marriage: Noyes, Libby & Davis; Genealogical Dictionary of Maine and New Hampshire; p.437
Death: Littlefield Family Newsletter Vol. 2, #1; p.3

James married Lydia LITTLEFIELD (47) , daughter of Josiah LITTLEFIELD (22) & Lydia MASTERS. Born in Wells, York, ME. Lydia was baptized in Wells, York, ME on 19 May 1706.

Source: Baptism: Noyes, Libby & Davis; Genealogical Dictionary of Maine and New Hampshire; p.440

They had the following children:
i. James Jr.. James Jr. was baptized in Wells, York, ME on 29 Nov 1724. James Jr. died in Louisburg. Death Cause: Drowned.

Source: Baptism: Littlefield Family Newsletter; Vol. 2,#1, p.3
Death: Littlefield Family Newsletter; Vol. 2,#1, p.3

James married Lydia LITTLEFIELD (47) , daughter of Josiah LITTLEFIELD (22) & Lydia MASTERS. Born in Wells, York, ME. Lydia was baptized in Wells, York, ME on 19 May 1706.

Source: Baptism: Noyes, Libby & Davis; Genealogical Dictionary of Maine and New Hampshire; p.440

They had the following children:
i. James Jr.. James Jr. was baptized in Wells, York, ME on 29 Nov 1724. James Jr. died in Louisburg. Death Cause: Drowned.

Source: Baptism: Littlefield Family Newsletter; Vol. 2,#1, p.3
Death: Littlefield Family Newsletter; Vol. 2,#1, p.3

MONK, JAMES, merchant, surveyor, justice, solicitor general of Nova Scotia; b. c. 1717 in Wales; m. Ann Deering at Boston, Massachusetts, 20 Jan. 1739/40; d. 6 May 1768 at Halifax, Nova Scotia. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Montgomery, Richard, 1738?–1775, American Revolutionary general, b. Swords, Co. Dublin, Ireland. After entering the British army, he was sent (1757) to Canada in the French and Indian Wars and saw action at Louisburg, Ticonderoga, and Montreal before participating in operations against Martinique and Havana (1762). In 1772, he sold his army commission and returned from Great Britain to America. He settled near New York City and married (1773) a daughter of Robert R. Livingston (1718–75). An opponent of British colonial policy, he was (1775) a member of the New York provincial congress. In the same year he became brigadier general in the Continental army and replaced Philip J. Schuyler as commander of the Montreal expedition in the ill-fated Quebec campaign. After taking Montreal, he joined Benedict Arnold and was killed (Dec. 31, 1775) in the assault on Quebec.

MOODY (Moodey), SAMUEL, minister of the Congregational Church; b. at Newbury, Massachusetts, 4 Jan. 1675/76 (o.s.), son of Caleb Moody and Judith Bradbury; d. 13 Nov. 1747 at York (Maine). - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

York Maine ... Meetinghouse History .. this meetinghouse lagged as Rev. Samuel "Father" Moody was absent from York, serving as chaplain with the troops on the Louisburg Expedition. On March 25, 1747 ...

On April 19, 1744, it was voted, "that there be a meetinghouse built in this Parish, by subscription, of 70 feet long, 50 feet wide, and 25 feet stud, and sett in the same place where the old meetinghouse now stands." Plans for this meetinghouse lagged as Rev. Samuel "Father" Moody was absent from York, serving as chaplain with the troops on the Louisburg Expedition. On March 25, 1747, the Parish voted again to build a new meetinghouse adding to the former vote, "that there shall be a steeple built at one end." The steeple was most probably designed by Samuel Sewall, Esq., of York. The Parish voted to tear down the old meetinghouse, and, "to use such stuff and materials as will answer." The project was overseen by Rev. Moody, who laid its cornerstone and who lived to see its completion just prior to his death in November, 1747.

Simon MOORE #74 b. 1712, Simsbury, Hartford Co.,Conn., m. abt 1737, in Simsbury, Hartford Co.,Conn., Abigail (Moore) #911, b. abt 1715, Simsbury, Hartford Co.,Conn., d. ?, Dutchess, New York. Simon died BEF 1770, Dutchess, New York. He fought in the ill-fated expedition to Louisbourg, Cape Breton, Island in 1745-6, and was one of the few who returned.

MOULTON, JEREMIAH, militia officer, member of the Massachusetts Council; b. York, Massachusetts (now in Maine), 1688, youngest son of Joseph Moulton and Hannah (?) Littlefield; d. York, 20 July 1765.

NATHAN, of ----, was in Capt. Edward Cole's, the 10th Co. of the 7th Massachusetts Reg't, Col. Shubel Gorham, in the Louisburg Expedition, 1745.

freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~raymondfamily/GenealogiesRaymondFamiliesNewEngland/ RFNEmawarrecords.html

NOBLE, ARTHUR, merchant, military officer; date of birth unknown; killed at Grand Pré, Nova Scotia, 31 Jan. 1746/47 (o.s.). - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

by Gov. Shirley as Lieutenant Colonel under Colonel Samuel Waldo, in the Louisburg expedition, and also held a commission as captain of one of the companies of ...

Colonel Arthur Noble of the French and Indian wars
Sprague's Journal of Maine History
Vol. VII
May June July 1919
No. 1
page 27-28

Colonel Arthur Noble was one of the heroic men of Maine, who was an officer under Sir William Pepperell, at Louisburg, and served with distinction in the French and Indian wars of the eighteenth century.

He was a brother of James Nobel, who was one of the proprietors of a tract of land which included what is not the town of Nobleborough, and about which there was much controversy during the first part of that century.

Just when or where he was born has never been made entirely clear by historians. In a sketch of his life by William Goold, in 1877 (Coll. Me. Hist. Soc. vol. 8, p. 114) appears the following:

The descendants of Col. Noble have a tradition that he was born at Enniskillen, County of Fermanagh, and Province of Ulster, Ireland, and that the family emigrated to that place from Scotland. Arthur Noble is
supposed to have come to America in about 1720, with his brother Francis and James.

He was commissioned by Gov. Shirley as Lieutenant Colonel under Colonel Samuel Waldo, in the Louisburg expedition, and also held a commission as captain of one of the companies of the same regiment which was the second Massachusetts.

At one time he was a trader at Arrowsic Island, and a farmer and large land owner at Pleasant Cove. He owned a tannery and was a successful business man.

After the capture of Louisburg, the French took more vigorous means to defend Canada. Governor Shirley induced the Duke of Newcastle to authorize him to equip an expedition to Nova Scotia to aid Lieutenant Gov. Mascarene who was commandant at Annapolis, in holding that province against French invasion.
About 1,000 New England troops were raised and Noble was appointed commander.

He was killed in his first engagement with the French and Indians at Minas in February, 1747.

Capt. Moses Pearson's Company at Siege of Louisburg in 1745 ... have in their possession. In the volume are some items of interest to the history of Portland, as relating to the Louisburg expedition of 1745. We sent Capt ...

The Massachusetts Historical Society has lately published the papers of Sir William Pepperrell they have in their possession. In the volume are some items of interest to the history of Portland, as relating to the Louisburg expedition of 1745. We sent Capt. Moses Pearsons's company. In Hon. M. F. King's First
Parish Records, page 165, is given a copy of a roll of that company which is in the possession of Hon. Andrew Hawes of Stroudwater, a descendant, which shows forty men and that perhaps may be the full roll, although it has been stated to have had about fifty men.

The fortress at Louisburg, Cape Breton, had cost the French about six million of dollars, and Maine has reason to be proud of its part in the capture. The expedition was proposed by Col. William Vaughan of Matinicus and Damariscotta, it was comanded by Gen. William Pepperrell of Kitttery and Maine sent two entire regiments with their officers. Com. Edward Tyng, who at first was appointed to command the fleet, but afterwards was put under the orders of Com. Warren of the royal navy, and particularly distinguished himself during the siege, was a Portland born boy. The first document is a letter from Capt. Pearson under date of Feb. 27, 1744, which was, no doubt, intended for 1744-5, as the war was not declared by France against England until March 15, 1744, and the surender of Louisburg took place June 15, 1745, after a siege of forty six days. The letter is as follows:

Hon'd Sir,-in obedience to your Honor's command. I take this, being the first, opportunity to let you know I
got home the 25th instant; since which I have inlisted twelve able-bodyed men. My being from home, Cpt. Nobel, Cpt. Moody, and Cpt. Cuter with some others rolling people I got a full company at Newbury and did not intend to return to Falmouth, but proceed to Boston, induced number of whom I most depended to list with the sd Captens, so that men are not plenty; but I hope within 4 or five days to make up the number thirty or more, and take the first oportunity to Boston. I am Yr. Honours most obedient humble ser't.

Pos. Scrip Colonal Waldow at Bideford informed me Cpt. Cuter wold have no commision and incuredge me I
had opertunity to take the men he inlisted at Falmouth. If so I shall be able to raise up a company in a short
time. I am, Hond Sir,

The Capt. Noble mentioned was James Noble who commanded a company in Col. Samuel Waldo's regiment
and was commissioned February 8, 1745. Capt. Moody was in command of a company in the same regiment
and was commissioned the next day after Noble. Capt. Cutter was Ammi Rumah Cutter, a captain in Col.
Moulton's regiment. He preached at North Yamouth in 1720 but afterward was chief surgeon at Louisburg where he died in March, 1746. He wanted to go as the chief surgeon of the expedition but was unable to secure the position so raised a company of about sixty men and was made their captain. Moses Pearson was the captain of the Tenth company in Col. Pepperrell's First regiment and was commissioned Feb. 6, 1745. George Knight, of Falmouth Neck, was the first lieutenant and James Springer was the ensign. Capt. Pearson remained at Louisburg until 1746 and was the agent of his, and the treasurer of the nine regiments employed in the siege, to receive and distribute the "plunder money." Several of the men's receipts for this money are among the Willis papers in our Public Library. Being a joiner, he was employed in superintending the building of barracks and repairing the fortification. Before the Revolution he lived on Fore street about opposite our Custom House. He left no sons, but six daughters who were the wives of Benjamin Titcomb, Josph Wise, Timothy Pike, Dr. Deane, Daniel Dole and Joshua Freeman.

Lieut. George Knight came here from Newbury about 1733 and probably lived at what is now called North
Deering. His farm of 60 acres was a mile westerly of the Presumpscot River. He became one of the proprietors of Pearsontown, now Standish, and gave his share to his grandson, Zebulon Knight, in 1775, a short time before his death.

Lieut. Knight was a great grandson of John Knight who came from Romsey, England, in the ship James, in
1635, and settled at Newbury. The old saying "blood will tell" is illustrated in the case of George Knight. His
son, George Jr., was a Revolutionary soldier, Amos was a soldier, Samuel was a captain in the Revolution and the daughter Hannah, married Capt. Joseph Pride, of Pride's Bridge. Capt. Samuel Knight's sons, Stephen, Zebulon and Samuel, Jr., were soldiers of the Revolution and the daughter Mary married Joseph Pride, Jr., another soldier. Stephen went to Otisfield and his son, Samuel, marched in the Otisfield company to Portland in the war of 1812. He was on the staging at Stage Island, in 1825, when it gave way and Abner Lowell was killed. They fell 54 feet and struck on the rocks. Mr. Knight had his spine dislocatd and ever afterwards was bent over. He afterwards fell 20 feet, but he lived until he was 75 years of age.

His son, Zebulon Knight served three years in the First Maine Cavalry and a grandson, Samuel W. Knight died in the 30th Maine Regt. and his brother George H. Knight, after serving two years in the 10th Maine Regt. in the Rebellion joined Custer's famous 7th U.S. Cavalry and for five years was in the Indian campaigns in the Northwest, leaving the service just before the massacre when Gen. Custer and his men lost their lives. He is living at Otisfield caring for his aged father, Benjamin W. Knight, who is in his eighty-sixth year, who within a year has sent a contribution to the PRESS. How many more of Lieut. Knight's descendants have served in the army I cannot tell, but this is a sample line.

The following document is of considerable interest to the descendants of those named:

"List of men in Moses Pearson's company now in Louisburg, the places of their abode and circomstances,
Sept. the 17th., 1745.

Ensign James Springer, Falmouth, has a wife and several small children, ye oldest very young.

Sargt. Phillip Hodkins, Falmouth, a large family of young children, his two sons with him.

Sargt. Joshua Illesley, Falmouth, a single man, his affairs require him to be at home.

Joshua Simpson, Falmouth, Ebenezer Lincoln, these three with J. Illsley all come out of one house
and belong to one famley.

Moses Gould, Falmouth, apprentice, his master lives in the woods, exposed to the enemy.

Moses Hodkins, Falmouth, Samll. Hodkins, Falmouth, sons of Phillip Hodkins above.

Samuel Graves, Falmouth, a very man. His poor father (John) wants him very much at home.

Moses Gould was born Dec. 10, 1727, and was then but 17years, 9 mos. His father was named Moses also, and he was a soldier under Col. Thomas Westbook through the winter of 1724-5. The father was elected a field diver here March 8, 1727, and was made one of the proprietors of the town May 11, 1730, it is thought he lived near Presumpscot Lower Falls as he owned land here. He died before 1738. The son, Moses, was one of the proprietors of Pearsontown in 1752. He had five sisters and one brother. Aaron Gould, who married Sarah Starbird in 1757, and that year was a soldier in Capt. Saml. Skillings' Company. I have never found a descendant of this Gould family. Of the above list of soldiers, Capt. Pearson, James Springer, Philip Hodkins, Saml. Clark, John Anderson, Jacob Clifford, Moses Hodkins, Saml. Hodkins, and Saml. Graves also became proprietors of Standish for their services at Louisburg.

Among the Pepperell papers is a short roll of Capt. Pearson's company, six months after the surrender, they
were then the sixth company, and the following is a copy:

"Capt. Moses Pearson.
Sergt. Philip Hodskins.
Sergt. Thos. Illsley
Corp. David Woodman.
Privates Jeremiah Simson, Ebenezer Linkhorne (Lincoln),
James Gilkey, John Anderson, Moses Hodskins, Samuel
Hodskins, Jno. Ayers, Abiah Crosby, Jno. Thorn, Saml.
Clark Sergts. 2. Copl. 4, Dumr. Pivates 10.

Second Lieut. James Springer of Capt. Pearsons company was among those whose affairs required their
going to New England, Oct. 17, 1745.

Saml. Hodgskins name is among those who voluntered under Capt. Glaizer to attack the Island Battery at the
mouth of the harbor of Louisburg in May, 1745, and they stated that they would be ready on a half hour warning.

These fragments of our history interested me and perhaps some others may wish to know of their existance.
They tell their own story.

PEPPERRELL, Sir WILLIAM, merchant shipowner, commander of the colonial forces that took Louisbourg, Ile Royale (Cape Breton Island), in 1745; b. 27 June 1696 (o.s.) at Kittery Point, Massachusetts (now in Maine), son of William Pepperrell* and Margery Bray; m. 1723 to Mary Hirst, daughter of a wealthy Boston merchant and granddaughter of Judge Samuel Sewall, the diarist; they had four children, two of whom died in infancy; d. 6 July 1759 at Kittery Point. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Death Notices from the South Carolina And American General Gazette, and its Continuation the Royal Gazette

"Died.] Lieutenant Thomas Pinkney, late of the 60th or Royal American Regiment, a brave and gallant officer. He was in most Battles fought in America during the last War. He served at the Siege of Louisbourg, and in the successful Expedition against Martinico, at the Siege of Havana. He received a dangerous Wound on the Plains of Abraham, fighting against the French, when General Murray attacked them in order to raise the Siege of Quebeck." [Monday, February 19, 1770] [The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine, Volume XVI, Number 3, July, 1915, p. 129]

JOSEPH4 PIERCE, D060 (JOSHUA3-2, DANIEL1) was born February 21, 1697/98 in Portsmouth, NH; Dr. - Chief Surgeon of the Louisburg Expedition - d. shortly after his return (Src: Code 1), and died February 07, 1746/47 in Portsmouth, NH small pox (Src: Code 1). He married SARAH REED.

Peirce, Joseph, a noted physician, appointed chief surgeon of the Louisburg expedition. After his return to practice in Portmouth, he was seized with the small-pox and d. Feb. 7, 1747/8. He m. Sarah Reed and had: 1. Elizabeth; 2 Ann, m. Joseph Barrell; 3. Susan, m. Samuel Jarvis

Colonel Enoch Poor (1736 - 1780) was Born at Andover (MA); and died at Hackensack (NJ). was a son of a veteran of the 1745 attack by New Englanders on the French fortress of Louisburg

PRESCOTT, Benjamin Birth : ABT. Apr 1724 Concord Death : May 1745 Killed During Louisburg Expedition Gender: Male

PRESCOTT, ROBERT, army officer and colonial administrator; b. c. 1726 in Lancashire, England, son of Richard Prescott, cavalry officer; m. with at least two daughters; d. 21 Dec. 1815 in Rose Green (West Sussex), England. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

... L] Pepperell, Mass. Marriages, Births & Deaths-Caleb Butler (file on request); [GM-L] Colonel William Presccott of Bunker Hill fame was in Louisburg Expedition: ...

Colonel William Prescott - at Louisburg & Bunker Hill, Revolutionary War
Source: History of Groton, Massachusetts by Caleb Butler, 1848

William Prescott, a son of the Honorable Benjamin Prescott was born in the centre of Groton, Massachusetts. He removed to that part of Groton called the "Gore," which formed a part of the district of Pepperell, Mass., before he arrived at the aged of twenty-one years.

He was a lieutenant in the provincial troops which were sent to remove the neutral French from Nova Scotia, in 1755 and a soldier in the expedition to Louisburg, two years before.

The following anecdote relating to Lieutenant William Prescott when on that expedition to remove the French is from a good authority and is unquestionably correct.

"He was attacked by a fever. The surgeon of the army was very negligent in his attendance on him. One day on entering his chamber he found him so ill, that he brutally exclaimed, 'Its no use of my staying here, I can do nothing;' and turning his back on the patient walked out of the room.

Lieut. Prescott was perfectly aware of what was said, and was filled with such rage by this unfeeling conduct that he seized his sword which hung near him and springing out of bed, made after the doctor, who, as it may be believed, completed his exit with greater precipation than he commenced it. This sally of passion had a most favorable effect, as it appeared, for the fever which was at its crisis and the patient mended rapidly from that day."

After his return from the first named expedition he was promoted to the office of Captain.

ROUS, JOHN, privateer, naval officer, member of the Nova Scotia Council; b. between 1700 and 1710; d. at Portsmouth, England, 3 April 1760. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

McNABS ISLAND, Halifax Co, Nova Scotia: An Historical Overview Brian Kinsman / Parks and Recreation Division, NS Dept of Natural Resources: April '95

In addition, the words "Cap. Rouses" are shown at the northern end of Cornwallis Island. The location and wording of this inscription indicates that Captain Rouse (or Rous) apparently maintained a residence or place of business on Cornwallis Island either before, or immediately following, the founding of Halifax.

At this time several people were employed in the fishery business on the island and perhaps as many more were attempting to farm there. Of those involved in the fishing business, the principles were Captain Mauger (or Maugher), Captain Cook, Mr. Bradshaw, and the previously mentioned Captain Rouse. In all, thirty-two men and one female over the age of sixteen were engaged in the fishery on Cornwallis Island.
Both Captain Rouse and Captain Mauger were important men of early Halifax. Captain Rouse, in addition to his involvement with the fishery, played a leading role in the early military affairs of the colony. During the seige of Louisbourg in 1745 Rouse so impressed Pepperrell, the New England Commander, that he received a commission as Captain in the Royal Navy. In 1754, he was appointed a member of Her Majesty's Council for Nova Scotia, the governing body of the colony. The following year Rouse commanded the naval segment of the expedition against Fort Beausejour. Rouse took part in the second seige of Louisbourg in 1758 and in the following year played a prominent role in Wolfe's assault on Quebec City. It was from Rouse's ship, the Sutherland, that Wolfe issued his last orders before ascending the heights of Abraham.

SSAINTAIR, Arthur, 1818 -- Died This Day ... Soldier and politician born in Thurso, Scotland, on March 23, 1736. Educated at the University of Edinburgh, he purchased a commission in the British army and was sent to Canada. He took part in the capture of Louisburg, Nova Scotia, on July 26, 1758, and fought under General James WOLFE at the Plains of Abraham. In 1762, he resigned his commission, bought a vast tract of Pennsylvania land and acquired wealth. In 1776, he threw in his lot with George Washington under whom he held the rank of brigadier-general. In 1787, he served as president of the Continental Congress and was named governor of what today is Ohio and Michigan. He sought to end native American land claims and to clear the way for white settlement. The policy was meant to provoke Indians into fighting, so that U.S. forces could then wipe them out. Instead, the U.S. army met a series of defeats. In 1791, he personally led a punitive expedition that ended up being routed at the Battle of the Wabash, with 600 dead. He resigned from the army and, in 1802, was removed as governor. He retired to his Pennsylvania property, where he suffered a series of business reverses and died in poverty. Lake St. Clair is named for him.

KING GEORGE'S WAR, 1744-1749 ... who had, for more than thirty years, resided in Hampton, accompanied the expedition to Louisburg, "as a physician and chirurgeon, in the regiment that went out ...

Joseph Dow, HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF HAMPTON, NEW HAMPSHIRE (From it's Settlement in 1638, to the Autumn of 1892), (Salem, Massachusetts, 1893)

Dr. Nathaniel Sargent, Jr., eldest son of Dr. Nathaniel Sargent, who had, for more than thirty years, resided in Hampton, accompanied the expedition to Louisburg, "as a physician and chirurgeon, in the regiment that went out of this province. He was in the service five months and twenty days, and had the sole care and charge of said regiment as physician and chirurgeon for some time. He was obliged to remain out of the city, in the camps, ten days after the surrender, to look after and take care of upwards of thirty sick and wounded persons, having no person or persons to aid and assist him therein." Dr. Anthony Emery also went as a surgeon.

Other men from Hampton are known to have been at the siege, but we have no knowledge of their personal services or sufferings. The few names, with residences, that may be gleaned from official reports now available, are of men accredited indiscriminately to Hampton, whether from the old town, the Falls or North Hampton. Thus we find Shubael Dearborn, Joseph Redman, John Sleeper, Moses Leavitt (who died), Josiah Shaw, Nathaniel Moulton. Benjamin Thomas was allowed twenty pounds instead of a pension, for his arms being wounded. Capt. Edward Williams took a company down from Hampton Falls, and he died there. Ebenezer Gove, of Capt. Jonathan Prescott's company died; so did Abner Sanborn, of Colonel Moore's company.

SAMUEL SCRIBNER, of Andover, New Hampshire; b. 29th April, 1716; d. 5th February, 1794; was a resident of Kingston until about 1753; records at Concord show his ownership of large tracts of land and active participation in local affairs; he took part in the expedition to Louisburg, Cape Breton, 1745, being a private in Captain LIGHT'S Company of Col. Samuel MOORE'S Regiment; in 1753 he moved from Kingston to Salisbury, settling upon land which he had purchased of Jonathan SANBORN, by deed dated 1st March, 1753; Salisbury, New Hampshire, was largely settled by residents of Kingston, 1748 to 1754 and later. The fifth settler was Samuel SCRIBNER and the sixth was Robert BARBER. They located within half a mile of the northern boundary line, near Emerystown (Andover). They had in 1753 gotten out timber to build a house, and were, one day, mowing in a meadow, known as the "Proctor Meadow" when attacked by Indians. Barber saw them coming and shouted to SCRIBNER, who was but a few rods from him, "Run, Scribner, run, for God's sake run; the Indians are upon us." Whether he did not hear him or misinterpreted the words is unknown, but he kept on whetting his scythe, until grasped from behind by one Indian. The Indians took their prisoners to St. Francis, Canada, which place they reached after a journey of thirteen days. For the last nine days they subsisted on berries, roots, etc., which they found in the wilderness. SCRIBNER was sold to a Frenchman, at Chamblee. Two years later he was ransomed by the state government. Records at Concord, New Hampshire, and printed provincial papers contain many references to this event.

34 ii. CORNELIUS5, b. 1703; d. 20 Oct., 1755; m., about 1732, Mrs. Hannah Scales, d. 19 May, 1762, wid. of William Scales, who had been killed by the Indians (see note, p. 42), and dau. of Thomas Ayres of Brookfield, Mass. He moved to North Yarmouth, Me., about 1726; was received into the First Church there 1731. He was assessor of the town in 1733, constable 1734, Selectman many times. In 1742, he carried letters from Boston to the eastern frontier for Governor Shirley. He was the first representative of the town of North
Yarmouth to the General Court of Massachusetts. He was captain of Company F, Sixth Massachusetts Volunteers (Col. Sylvester Richmond's) in the siege of Louisburg and the expedition against the French in
1745. He had no children. He divided his estate, after his wife's death, between her son, Thomas Scales,
and Cornelius Soule, his brother Barnabas Soule's son.

Stebbins, Ebenezer (1716 - 1746) - male b. 1716 in Deerfield, Franklin Co., MA d. 1746 in "on the Louisburg Expedition" father: Stebbins, John (1684 - 1760) mother: ?, Mary (~1696 - 1733) Burial - [date: 7 Feb 1745/1746] Baptism - [date: 26 OCT 1716]

... Five years later and still unmarried, Thornton volunteered to serve as a military surgeon for the Fort Louisburg expedition. It was a major campaign and ended ...

MATTHEW THORNTON was born in Northern Ireland in 1714 and came to America with his parents when he was four years old. The family arrived in New England and resided for a few years in Wiscasset, Maine. Afterward they moved to Worchester Massachusetts where Thornton received a classical education. He went on to study medicine and opened up his practice in Londonderry, New Hampshire in 1740, and soon became wealthy as his practice flourished.

Five years later and still unmarried, Thornton volunteered to serve as a military surgeon for the Fort Louisburg expedition. It was a major campaign and ended with the capture of the French Fort at the mouth of the St. Lawrence River. Following his tour of duty, Thornton returned home to Londonderry, remained in the local militia and rose in rank to colonel.

Thornton was forty-four when he married Hannah Jack and he eventually fathered five children. He took an active part in the overthrow of the royal government in New Hampshire, being prominent in the agitation against the Stamp Act. Thornton was chosen president of the provincial convention when it assembled in 1775 and for the next decade he held a number of responsible positions, including chairman of the regional committee of safety and president of the constitutional convention. He was most active in securing weapons and recruiting militia for the colony. He was allowed to sign his name to the Declaration of Independence, being in full accord with the voting, although he was not elected until after its passage and did not take his seat until November 1776.

Thornton was tall, big-boned and handsome and he was a natural storyteller who could hold the attention of his friends for hours on end. He remained in the continental congress for another year, having been reelected to represent New Hampshire in December 1776. Thornton then returned to New Hampshire in 1779 and settled his family on a farm in Merrimack County, relinquishing his medical practice. He served as an associate justice of the superior court until he was sixty-eight and when he was in his seventies, he was in the state senate. He retired to his farm and wrote political articles for the newspapers, even after the age of eighty. In his last days he composed a metaphysical work on the origin of sin, which was never published.
Thornton died on June 24, 1803 at the age of eighty-nine.

William Throop b. 8 Jan 1699 d. aft. 1 Nov 1745 in Louisburg, Cape Breton Island probably. Capt. Throop died at Seige of Louisburg under Sir Wm. Pepperell, Cape Breton Expedition. His estate was inventoried 22 Apr 1746, m. Elizabeth Stanborough (Stansbury) (b. 24 Jan 1686 in Southampton, Long Island, NY d. abt. 1752) on 19 Sep 1719 in Pembrooke, MA. 11 Children were listed.

Throop Genealogy - 1931 - With special reference to the Throops of Grenville County, Ontario, Canada. #GR. 4156 Registry Office for Grenville Compiled by HERBERT D. THROOP Ottawa, Canada Webmaster note: This document was given to my grandmother, Mabel Hilda Throop Coville by her Uncle Herb D. Throop, Christmas 1931.

Capt. William Throope, b. 1669, d. at the seige of Louisburg under Sir Wm. Pepperell, Cape Breton Expedition, 1745-46;

I know nothing of Winckworth Tonge's early life, other than he was born, County Wexford, Ireland. We first pick him up in 1746, when, as an eighteen year old ensign, he would have been found at Louisbourg as part of the English garrison: the "Gibraltar troops."1 Tonge, in 1749, at which time Louisbourg was given back to the French, came down to be part of the newly establish military establishment at Halifax. By 1752 he was serving at Fort Lawrence. In 1755 (described then as an engineer) Tonge was with Monckton at the capture of Fort Beauséjour; with Amherst at the capture of Louisbourg , and, with Wolfe in 1759 at Quebec. Therefore, it would appear that Winckworth Tonge was to participate in most all of the major North American battles during the Seven Years War, a war which resulted in the dislodging of the French military in America, the most victorious war that England ever fought.

With the fall of Quebec, it would appear, Tonge found his way back to Halifax and to civilian life. In post-war Nova Scotia there was to be much speculation in land. Tonge was not left out, as he acquired considerable tracks, indeed, it would seem that he held grants to much of what we now know as Hants County. He spent his wealth and much of his energies in developing his holdings and things were shaping up quite nicely for him -- then came the American Revolution, an event which had a considerable impact on Nova Scotia and her inhabitants. Tonge was made a colonel in the militia. A combination of him being tied to his military duties, the deprivations of American privateers and the running up of debt; was to lead to Tonge losing most all of his property. He did however, in 1773, receive a very important appointment as the naval officer, whose duty it was to receive copies of all manifests and entries in the Custom-House at Halifax. He was to receive a salary for this position, but he sought, in addition, to receive fees; further he sought to appoint deputy naval officers to act throughout Nova Scotia. Tonge was to come into conflict with both the governors of the time (especially Campbell) and with the merchants as represented by members who sat in the legislative assembly.

In addition to being the naval officer, Tonge had been a Justice of the Peace ; the provincial surveyor or superintendent of roads, bridges, and public works; and, for various periods, a member of the Assembly. He settled himself and his family at Newport in an impressive estate which was called "Winckworth," a place he was forced to sell in 1789.

Tonge married Martha Grace Cottnam and they had four sons, including William Cottnam Tonge, a subject of another biographical sketch. Winckworth Tonge died at Halifax on February 2nd, 1792.

In Harry Piers's The Evolution of the Halifax Fortress (Halifax: PANS, Pub. #7, 1947) at p. 107, we see where Tonge was in Warburton's Regiment. The relieving troops had come over from Gibraltar, but not directly as they had wintered over at New York (maybe Virginia). The following spring, on the 21st of April, 1746; 1219 of them disembarked at Louisbourg. They were of the 29th Foot (Fuller's) and the 56th Foot (Warburton's) under the command of Lt.-Col. Peregrine Thomas Hopson and Lt.-Col. John Horsman, respectively. [The Royal Navy and North America (London: Navy Records Society, Vol. 118, 1973), fn at p. 148 & p. 263.]

TYNG (Ting), EDWARD, merchant and naval officer; b. 1683 in Falmouth (now Portland, Maine), eldest son of Colonel Edward tyng* and Elizabeth Clarke; married Elizabeth Parnel, a widow (daughter of Cyprian SOUTHACK), on 8 Jan. 1725 (o.s.); his second wife, Ann Waldo (sister of Samuel WALDO), whom he married on 27 Jan. 1731, bore him six children, only three of whom lived to maturity; d. 7 Sept. 1755 in Boston, Massachusetts. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

VAUGHAN, William, soldier, born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 12 September, 1703; died in London, England, 11 December, 1746. His father, George (1676-1724), was graduated at, Harvard in 1696 and was lieu-tenant-governor of New Hampshire in 1715-'17. The son was graduated at Harvard in 1722, became concerned in the fisheries, and settled in Damariscotta. He is one of the claimants for the honor of first suggesting the successful expedition against Louisburg. It is said that he made the suggestion to Governor Benning Wentworth, of New Hampshire, who referred him to Governor William Shirley, of Massachusetts. He took part as lieutenant-colonel in the expedition under Sir William Pepperell, and at the head of a detachment, chiefly of New Hampshire troops, he marched by night to the northeastern part of the harbor, where he burned the warehouses and destroyed a large quantity of wine and brandy. The French were forced by the smoke to desert the grand battery, of which Vaughan took possession next morning, and which he held till the fall of the city. He considered himself slighted in the distribution of awards, and at the time of his death was asserting his rights in England. His claim of priority in the suggestion of the expedition is upheld in the anonymous tract, "The Importance and Advantage of Cape Breton" (London, 1746), the authorship of which is often assigned to William Bollan, but which some believe to have been inspired by Vaughan. Other authors also say that common report gave him priority. See also "Colonel William Vaughan of Martinicus and Damariscotta" in the "Collections of the Maine Historical Society," by William Goold.

WALDO, SAMUEL, Massachusetts merchant, land speculator and politician; brigadier-general in the 1745 expedition against Louisbourg; b. 1695 at Boston, son of Jonathan Walso and hannah Mason; m. 1722 Lucy Wainwright, by whom he had three sons and two or three daughters; d. 23 May 1759, on the Penobscot River, near present-day Bangor, Maine. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

WARREN, SIR PETER, naval officer, commander of the British squadron at Louisbourg, Ile Royale (Cape Breton Island), 1745; b. 1703 or 1704, son of Michael Warren, of Warrenstown, Co. Meath (Republic of Ireland). - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Royal Navy/Commissary/Farmer
Member of the Legislative Assembly
Took part in the capture of Louisbourg and Fort la Joie

WILLARD, ABIJAH, army officer and office-holder; b. 27 July 1724 at Lancaster, Massachusetts, second son of Samuel Willard; m. 2 Dec. 1747 Elizabeth Prescott of Groton, secondly in 1752 Anna Prentice of Lancaster, and thirdly in 1772 Mary, widow of John McKown of Boston; d. 28 May 1789 in Saint John, New Brunswick. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

This was not Captain Willard's first experience of Nova Scotia, nor was it to be his last. Ten years before he enlisted in the expedition against Louisburg, being first lieutenant of Captain Joshua Pierce's company, in the Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, of which his father, Samuel Willard, was colonel. He was there promoted to a captaincy, July 31, 1745, three days after his twenty-first birthday. Little more than twenty years had passed from the time when he had assisted in forcing the broken-hearted Acadien farmers into exile, and again he sailed for Nova Scotia, himself a fugitive, proscribed as a Tory, his ample estate confiscated, and his name a reproach among his life-long neighbors. As thousands of French Neutrals from Georgia to Massachusetts Bay sighed away their lives with grieving for their lost Acadie, so we know Abijah Willard, so long as he lived, looked westward with yearning heart toward that elm-shaded home so familiar to all Lancastrians. On the coast of the Bay of Fundy, not far west of St. John, is a locality yet called _Lancaster_. Colonel Abijah Willard gave it the name. It was his retreat in exile, and there he died in 1789 ...

["Henry S. Nourse, Lancaster in Acadie and the Acadiens in Lancaster," The Bay State Monthly, a Massachusetts Magazine, Vol. 1, April, 1884, No. IV]

WINSLOW, JOSHUA, army and militia officer, diarist, office holder, judge, and politician; b. 23 Jan. 1726/27 in Portsmouth, N.H., youngest of three children of John Winslow and Sarah Peirce (Pierce); d. June 1801 at Quebec, Lower Canada. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

In 1775, 80-year-old farmer Sam Whittemore was placidly working in his fields at Menotomy (now Arlington), Mass. He knew nothing of the British invasion and the deaths at Lexington. In younger days, Whittemore had been a soldier, and a good one. He became a captain in His Majesty's Dragoons stationed in America, and fought against the French, the Indians, and renegades of all types. He even spent a brief period on board a ship that was hunting for a pirate. He was always ready to drop his farming tools, pick up his weapons and march off to battle.

Most men below the rank of general have had their fill of war by the time they reach their 50th year. Not Whittemore! In 1745, he was among the forces that stormed the French fortress at Louisburg, Nova Scotia, where he captured a fine, albeit gaudy and overdecorated, French saber that he would treasure the rest of his long life. As legend has it, taciturn Sam said that the former owner of the saber had "died suddenly," but furnished no further details.

For some inexplicable reason, Britain returned Louisburg to the French, who diligently spent years and a fortune rebuilding and rearming the fortifications. Then, in 1758, the British decided to retake and forever demolish Louisburg. Whittemore, now a hearty 64, buckled on his French saber and, as peppy as ever, joined the expedition. The fort was conquered again, and he remained with the wrecking crew until Louisburg was leveled. A year later, Sam marched away again, this time winding up in Quebec, where he fought for General James Wolfe against the French General Louis-Joseph, marquis de Montcalm.

In 1763, Ottawa Chief Pontiac led an uprising in the wild, distant lands that would one day become Michigan, Ohio and Pennsylvania. Whittemore was then 68 and still looking for action.

The sons and grandchildren were ordered to stay home and work on the farm. With his saber and other weapons, Whittemore rode creakingly away on a rickety horse. He returned in triumph months later, astride one of the best stallions ever seen in Menotomy, and carrying a matched pair of ornate dueling pistols. The former owner of the dueling pistols, an enemy officer, had "died suddenly" according to laconic Sam.

Throughout his lengthy life, "Captain Sam" was as active in civilian life as he was in his military career. He served on important town committees as an assessor, a selectman, and in other capacities.

As a young married man Sam built his own home, which he and his wife Elizabeth (Spring) soon filled with three sons and five daughters. The Whittemore home still exists, on Massachusetts Avenue in Arlington.

Whittemore proved to be just as aggressive in private life as in war. During a heated election contest in January 1741, he loudly declared that one of the contestants for public office, the proud and haughty Colonel Roderick Shipley Vassal, was no more fit for the office than Sam's elderly horse, Nero, whose value he assessed at less than 5 pounds.

The infuriated colonel promptly but illegally had Whittemore jailed, and while Sam was fuming in his cell, Vassal sued him for defamation of character. The ensuing trial was a heated and well-attended one. Dauntless Whittemore, who made an admirable witness for himself, won his case. He then promptly sued the arrogant colonel for false arrest; after another sterling performance, the court awarded Whittemore the equivalent of $6,000 to soothe his pride.

After Pontiac's War, Whittemore tended to his endless chores on the farm, but he also became interested in the prospect of the 13 Colonies gaining independence from Britain. He believed that his descendants should have their own country, be able to enact their own laws and not be subject to the whims of a distant king and government.

Whittemore somehow learned about the British action at Lexington at midday on April 19 (the sound of distant gunfire may have alerted the aged warrior), and he immediately stopped working and hastened to his house. There, before the eyes of his astonished family, Sam methodically loaded his musket and both of his famed dueling pistols, put his powder and ball inside his worn and well-traveled military knapsack, strapped his French saber around his waist, squared his grizzled jaw and, as he strode briskly out the door, simply informed his worried family that he was "going to fight the British regulars" and told them to remain safely indoors until he returned.

Whittemore walked to a secluded position behind a stone wall on Mystic Street, near the corner of what is now Chestnut Street in Arlington, and calmly settled in. Some of the Minutemen pleaded with Whittemore to join them in their safer positions, but he ignored their admonitions. Soon the 47th Regiment of Foot, followed by the main body of British troops, appeared in view. On both sides of Whittemore, Minutemen were shooting at the approaching Redcoats and then sprinting away to where they could reload in safety.

Waiting until the regiment was almost upon him, Whittemore stood up, aimed his musket carefully and fired, killing a British soldier. He then fired both dueling pistols, hitting both of his targets, killing one man outright and mortally wounding another. Not having time to reload his cumbersome weapons, he grabbed his French saber and flailed away at the cursing, enraged Redcoats who now surrounded him. Some of those infuriated soldiers were probably less than one quarter of Sam's 80 years; few, if any, were even half his age.

One Englishman fired his Brown Bess almost point-blank into Whittemore's face, the heavy bullet tearing half his cheek away and knocking him flat on his back. Undaunted, Whittemore attempted to rise and continue the fight, but received no less than 13 bayonet wounds from the vengeful Redcoats. They also mercilessly clubbed his bleeding head and drove their musket butts into his body as they ran by.

When the last Britisher had left the scene and was far enough away for them to come out in safety, the villagers who had seen Whittemore's last stand walked slowly toward the body. To their astonishment, he was still alive and conscious--and still full of fight! Ignoring his wounds, he was feebly trying to load his musket for a parting shot at the retreating regiment.

A door was used as a makeshift stretcher and Whittemore was carried to the nearby Cooper Tavern. Doctor Nathaniel Tufts of Medford stripped away Sam's torn, bloody clothing and was aghast at his many gaping bayonet wounds, the other numerous bruises and lacerations, and his horrible facial injury. According to every medical text Tufts had ever studied and all of his years of experience treating injured people, the old man should have bled to death from internal injuries.

Tufts sadly remarked that it was useless to even dress so many wounds, since Whittemore could not possibly survive for very long; the deep bayonet thrusts must have pierced many of his vital organs. The horrified bystanders, however, persuaded the reluctant doctor to do his best, and Tufts bandaged Whittemore. He did what he could with the frightful facial wound in an age when plastic surgery was unknown. When the bandaging was finally finished, old Sam was tenderly carried back to his home to die surrounded by his grieving family.

To the surprise of everyone but indomitable Captain Samuel Whittemore, he lived! And continued active for the next 18 years, dying on February 3, 1793, at age 98, proud that he had done his part and more in America's fight for independence. When asked if he ever regretted his heroic deed, which had left him disfigured and somewhat lame, Whittemore would proudly reply in ringing tones, "No! I would take the same chance again!"

One might question Captain Whittemore's tactical military skill and his judgment in his last battle, but certainly not his sheer courage and bravery.

WOOD, THOMAS, physician, surgeon, and Church of England clergyman; b. late in 17 l l in New Jersey, probably in New Brunswick, of Scottish Quaker descent; son of Thomas Wood; m. before 1752 Mary Myers, and they had one son and four daughters; d. 14 Dec. 1778, at Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Israel Whitney, son of Ebenezer3 and Anna Whitney, born by 1709, was briefly of Littleton, Mass., buying land at Groton, Mass., 12 Dec. 1730. A cordwainer by occupation, he bought land at Thompson parish (Killingly), Conn., in 1732, but settled at Oxford, Mass., in 1733. He joined the Cape Breton expedition in 1745 and died by 1 July 1746, when the widow Hannah was appointed administratrix of his estate and that of his brother.

Israel was brother of Dr. Ebenezer WHITNEY, of Worcester, who in 1737 bought lands in Bedford, Hampden Co., Mass. Israel was soldier in the Cape Breton expedition in 1745. After his death his widow returned to Dunstable.

[NI23037] Alternate date of birth: 26 Aug. 1694, per "History of Stonington," Richard A. Wheeler, 1900, pg. 664. Graduated Harvard College 1711; ordained Newington, CT 17 Oct. 1722 & settled there 1722-1726 as the first minister; Rector/President Yale College 1726-1739; Representative in the General Assembly; Judge of the Superior Court of CT; Colonel & Chaplain, Cape Breton Expedition 1746; died Wethersfield, CT.

... _Before Joshua Winslow was married, when he was but eighteen years of age, he began his soldierly career. He was a Lieutenant in Captain Light's company in the regiment of Colonel Moore at the taking of Louisburg in 1745. He was then appointed Commissary-General of the British forces in Nova Scotia, and an account-book of his daily movements there still exists. Upon his return to New England he went to live at Marshfield, Massachusetts, in the house afterwards occupied by Daniel Webster. But troublous times were now approaching for the faithful servants of the King. Strange notions of liberty filled the heads of many Massachusetts men and women; and soon the Revolution became more than a dream. Joshua Winslow in that crisis, with many of his Marshfield friends and neighbors, sided with his King._ ...

[Anna Green Winslow, Diary of Anna Green Winslow A Boston School Girl of 1771, Editor: Alice Morse Earle (Boston and New York Houghton, Mifflin and Company ,The Riverside Press, Cambridge, 1895) ]

JEREMY ALFORD (who lived on Cook's Hill) distinguished himself by his bravery at Louisbourg ..."

Henry R, Stiles, M.D., The History of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut, including East Windsor, South Windsor, and Ellington, Prior to 1768, The Date of Their Separation from the Old Town, And Windsor, Bloomfield and Windsor Locks, To the Present Time. Also the Genealogies and Genealogical Notes of Those Families Which Settled Within The Limits of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut, Prior to 1800. (New York: Charles B. Norton, 1859).[pp. 333-334] "Windsor contributed many of her best citizens to this [Louisbourg] enterprise, but it is impossible to ascertain the names of all;

Gov. Roger Wolcott (Simon2, Henry1) was born on 4 Jan 1679. He married Sarah Drake, daughter of Lieut. Job Drake and Elizabeth Clark, on 3 Dec 1702. He died on 17 May 1767 at age 88.

Roger was a Representative of South Windsor in the Connecticut general assembly in 1709, raised to the bench of justices in 1710; accompanied expedition against Canada in 1711; elected member of council in 1714; Judge of County Court in 1724; Judge of Superior Court, 1732; Deputy Governor an dChief-Justice of Supreme Court, 1741. In expedition against Louisbourg in 1745 he was commissioned Major General by Governor Shirley of Massachusetts and was second in command to Pepperell. He arrived at Cape Breton with the troops April 30, and June 17, the city of Louisburg capitulated and the provincial forces entered it. Governor of Connecticut, 1750-54.

GENERAL WOOSTER was born in Stratford, Conn., March 2, 1710, and died in Danbury, May 2, 1777, where the beautiful marble column, surmounted by the American eagle has been erected to his memory.

David Wooster was graduated at Yale College in 1732. When war broke out in 1739 between England and Spain he entered the provincial army as a lieutenant, and was soon afterward promoted to the captaincy of a vessel built and armed by the colony as a guarda costa, or coast-guard. At that time piracy was not uncommon, and pirates and freebooters were taking advantage of war conditions. In 1740 he married Miss Clapp, daughter of the President of Yale College.

In 1745 we observe his first movements in military life as a captain in Colonel Burr's Connecticut Regiment and he distinguished himself in the expedition against Louisburg. From Cape Breton he went to Europe in command of a cartel-ship but was not allowed to land in France, so he sailed for England where he was received with great honors. He was presented to the king, became a great favorite at court, and was made a captain in the regular service under Sir William Pepperell. When the French and Indian war began he was commissioned a Colonel of the Third Connecticut Regiment and was later promoted to Brigadier General. He served to the end of the War in 1763, and then became Collector of Customs in New Haven.

Wooster was 65 years of age when the Revolutionary War broke out and though still holding rank and pension in the British Service, he resigned them and entered the American Army. He was one of the originators of the attack on Ticonderoga which was captured and destroyed in 1775. When the Continental army was organized a few weeks later he received the appointment of Brigadier-General, third in rank. He was in command in Canada in the spring of 1776. In the same year he had a command in the unfortunate campaign of Montgomery, shared in the defeat, and was subjected to a court of inquiry but was acquitted. Shortly after he was appointed a Major-General in the Connecticut Militia. During the winter of 1776-77 he was employed in protecting his State against the enemy and was in command at Danbury when Governor Tryon made his attack. Near Ridgefield he led a body, of militia in pursuit of the invader and in an engagement on Sunday, April 27, 1777, was fatally wounded by musket-ball.

David Wooster was the first Master of a Mason lodge in Connecticut, becoming Master of Hiram Lodge in 1750. He took a keen interest in the Craft, and was regular in attendance to the end of his life. He was the idol of the brethren of the good old nutmeg State.

ZOUBERBUHLER, SEBASTIAN, businessman and office-holder; b. 1709 or 1710, probably in Switzerland; d. 31 Jan. 1773 in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. - For the complete biography, including go to Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/en/index.html

Of Swiss origin, he was a Captain in Samuel Walso's 2nd Massachusetts Regiment. After the fall of Louisbourg, he remained there with the occupying troops and set up a business. He later moved himself to Halifax (1749 or later)

Zouberbuhler came up with Waldo in the successful effort to take Louisbourg in 1745 . He was probably born in Switzerland, and, as is the case with so many Swiss citizens, then and today, Zouberbuhler could speak a number of languages including English, French and German. Seeing that there was to be opportunities for such persons as himself who had a flair for buying and selling things, Zouberbuhler stayed on at Louisbourg during the time that the English occupied the place, 1745-49. With the founding of Halifax in 1749 and seeing that that was where the money was; well, that's were Zouberbuhler next went. His fluency with the German language made him particularly valuable to the authorities beginning with the arrival of the German settlers in 1750; and, more particularly when they were sent to establish the new community at Lunenburg in June of 1753, a place at which he was to carry on until his death in 1773.

An argument to support the hypothesis that the Swiss immigrants, Melchior Uhlman and family, came to Halifax, Nova Scotia via Louisbourg. Poor or no records are available for this particular time period, thus our attempt to piece together a scenario from available facts. This is by no means a concrete certainty but simply a synopsis of the facts gathered to date.

Melchior Uhlman immigrated to America from Beringen, Canton Schaffhausen, Switzerland in 1742 [5]. He and his wife Mary Magdalena and their first born, Cornelius, arrived at Broad Bay, Massachusetts (now Waldoboro, Maine) around the 28th of September 1742 aboard the ship Lydia [1]. Melchior was recruited by Samuel Waldo's agent, Sebastian Zouberbuhler who himself was a fellow Swiss. Zouberbuhler had made several trips back to the Old Country recruiting settlers for Waldo's lands in Maine and Massachusetts. Many of his recruits became indebted to Zouberbuhler and indeed Melchior and John Uhlman were still listed on the estate papers of Zouberbuhler after his death in 1773. Emigration fees of 14 pounds, 4 shillings, 6d., were still listed as owing by Melchior Uhlman to Zouberbuhler [1].

At the early settlement of Broad Bay, in the wilds of early Maine, the new immigrants experienced intolerable conditions. Not only were supplies and assistance of any kind particularly scarce, they had to deal with hostile native Indians, who were encouraged by the French to drive out the new settlers.

Governor William Shirley organized an army to attack the French stronghold at the Fortress of Louisbourg in Nova Scotia. "In 1744 two regiments were organized, one commanded by Col. William Pepperell, of Kittery; the other by Col. Samuel Waldo, of Falmouth. In the latter regiment 270 men were credited to Georges and Broad Bay" [2]. Specifically due to the intolerable conditions at the time, "….a large majority did enlist" [2]. Many men took their families as well, or perhaps brought them later after the battle. "Faust (The German Element in the United States, vol. I p. 252) says many of the foreign settlers who had been having a hard time on Waldo's lands in Maine enlisted in 1745 for the expedition to Louisbourg" [3]. A statement made by Pepperell, commander of the expedition, says: "A full third of the Massachusetts contingent, or more that a thousand men, are reported to have came from the hardy population of Maine, whose entire fighting force, as shown by the muster rolls, was then but 2885". "Maine's part at Louisbourg in 1745, therefore, was a most distinguished one. It is a matter for regret that, in the absence of official rolls, it is not now possible to present a complete list of the men who served in the three Maine regiments in that memorable campaign. Only a few names of those who served in Waldo's regiment have come down to us…."[6].

In a letter dated 18 May 1744 from John Ulmer to Lieutenant Col. Arthur Noble of the 2nd Massachusetts Regiment, Melchior and Johann Uhlman are listed as 2 of 33 members from Broad Bay, the Broad Bay Muster Roll [1]. Col. Samuel Waldo led the 2nd Massachusetts Regiment. Sebastian Zouberbuhler is listed as a Captain in this regiment, and thought to be leader of the German speaking element [6]. Melchior Uhlman was logically involved with this company. "Undoubtedly nearly all the Germans, who were here then, enlisted. Sebastian Zouberbuhler or (Tsauberuhler) was an agent of Waldo's in securing German settlers, and undoubtedly commanded the German contingent in Waldo's regiment, but I cannot give a single name of the rank and file" [6]. "…….several took their families with them. Some remaining at Louisbourg three years, and others never returning…….."[6].

This ragged army of New England farmers and immigrants, defeated the mighty Fortress of Louisbourg in one month, during the summer of 1745. Surprise was the New Englanders main tactic. The French never dreamed the enemy would attack through the Eastern woods and across a large swampy area. Indeed, the New Englanders using innovative procedures, moved their cannon with relative ease and eventually pummeled the French into submission.

After the victory, Sebastian Zouberbuhler was named adjutant in the 9th Massachusetts Regiment during the occupation years [3]. It would appear reasonably that Melchior Uhlman, his fellow Swiss countryman, either by his loyalty or his indebtedness to Zouberhuhler stayed at Louisbourg. Melchior, being a carpenter/cabinetmaker [1], would have been invaluable to the restoration efforts by the British after the destruction caused during the brief but violent confrontation.

For three years the British held the Fortress at Louisbourg. Meanwhile back in London, a political decision was made to trade conquered territories with the French and give control of Louisbourg back to the French, much to the displeasure of the New Englanders. Edward Cornwallis had just arrived at Chebucto Harbour, summer 1749 (later to be named Halifax) to initiate an English presence on the coast of Nova Scotia and was ordered to send his ships to Louisbourg to disembark the English citizens and garrison to Halifax and New England. It is known that Sebastian Zouberbuhler did arrive at Halifax in this manner [3]. "…..the Halifax naval officer's records show a small schooner bringing some of his effects from Louisbourg to Halifax as late as 30 May 1750"[3].

"Possibly a few others of foreign surnames who came to Halifax between the time of Cornwallis's arrival and the arrival of the Alderney in 1750 had been employed with or under Zouberbuhler at Louisbourg and accompanied him to Halilfax"[3]. "The evacuation of Louisbourg would be a very exceptional source of settlers for Nova Scotia"[3]. A letter dated 11 September 1749 from Davidson to Aldworth in the Secretary of State Office, State of Massachucetts records "a variety of civilians had been occupied in one way or another at Louisbourg during British occupation there, and some of them came to Halifax. Many useful men had come to Halifax not only from New England but also from Louisbourg" [3]. Further evidence that Melchior Uhlman did indeed arrive at Halifax via this scenario.

25 February 1750 Mary Merinda Uhlman, daughter of Melchior and Mary Magdelena Uhlman, is christened at St. Paul's Church, Halifax [4]. May and June of 1750 Mary (Mrs. Melchior), Cornelius and Jacob, (sons) and baby daughter Mary Merinda, are on the Halifax Victualling List [4]. Melchior's name is not on this list. Perhaps an indication that he is still "in uniform" and is being fed at a military mess. This notion would add credence to the statement that Melchior Uhlman was at Louisbourg serving under Zouberbuhler during the occupation. His family being civilians, would be eligible for rations. Melchior Uhlman is on record as receiving a grant of land on the Halifax peninsula, specifically Middle Division, Letter "C', lot number 3. This document is dated 1749/1750 [4]. A letter to the Swiss authorities in 1750 tell of the Uhlman family arriving at Halifax [4]. These four facts establish the Melchior Uhlman family at Halifax after the arrival of the Cornwallis ships in the summer of 1749 and the arrival of the next ships, the Aldernery, the Ann and the Nancy in the fall of 1750. The family is not listed on any of the ships that made up Cornwallis's convoy. Even so, it is improbable that the family came over with Cornwallis because they are definitely recorded as living at Broad Bay. Winthrop Bell's suggests this family came via the New England states or via Louisbourg [4].

Sebastian Zouberbuhler was no doubt of great influence due to his vast and varied experience to the new settlement of Halifax. Cornwallis no doubt would have made great use of his organizational skills as well as his ability to communicate with the German speaking settlers. It could be argued that Melchior, probably aided by Zouberbuhler, was granted land at Halilfax because of his service to the British during the occupation of Louisbourg. Zouberbuhler is recorded as having many land grants, or perhaps purchases in later years, of Lunenburg town and surrounding area. Melchior Uhlman himself was awarded a Lunenburg Town Lot, 30-acre farm lot, and a 300-acre forest lot. As a matter of record, his 300-acre forest lot in 3rd Division, F-16 is adjacent to a lot held by one, Sebastian Zouberbuhler!

Jasper J. Stahl cites both a "Vogler Memoir" (for PCV) and the "Seitz Memoir" of PCV's younger brother-in-law Johann Seitz, who also relocated to North Carolina from Broad Bay in 1770, when describing the Maine phase of their lives, including PCV's marriage to Catharina Seitz at Louisbourg in 1746. (PVC = Phillip Christian Vogler).

Cyrus Eaton wrote on pgs. 65-70 "Annals of the Town of Warren" Maine the following: "In 1740 and on to 1741-42 forty German families from Brunswick and Saxony tempted by imposing offers of Waldo when in Europe.......after first landing in Braintree, Mass., arrived at Broad Bay and laid the foundation of the present town of Waldoboro..........These settlers were unable to speak a word of the English language and consequently could hold little intercourse and gain but little aid from their English neighbors...........and suffered incredible and almost insurmountable hardships........Sighing for their homeland, but unable to return they lingered out the tedious years till the expedition to Louisburg, when they enlisted under Waldo and removed their families to that place." [8]

(1) Broad Bay Pioneers. Horlacher, Gary/Whitaker, W.W. Picton Press 1998
(2)Waldoboro, Maine. Miller, Samuel. Waldoborough Historical Society Museum
(3)The Foreign Protestants and the Settlement of Nova Scotia. Bell,Winthrop
(4)Public Archives of Nova Scotia, Halifax
(5)The World Wide Web; the Internet
(6) Maine at Louisbourg in 1745. Burrage, Henry S. Burleigh and Flynt 1910 Agusta
(7) History of Old Broad Bay and Waldoboro. Stahl, Jasper J. Bond Wheelwright Co., Portland (1956)
(8) Annals of the town of Warren, Maine. Eaton, Cyrus pgs. 65-70

Malcolm Uhlman,
621 Aldred Drive,
Kingston, N.S.
B0P 1R0
1-902-765-8634
muhlman@ca.inter.net